Table 4 Changes in cognitive performance following 4 weeks of treatment with a high-cannabidiol (CBD) sublingual product: autoregressive linear mixed models (Two-Tailed).
Cognitive Assessment | Mixed Model | Baseline n = 14 (ref.) | Week 4 n = 14 | Baseline to Week 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
F p (ηp2) | Mean [95% CI] | Estimate (p) [95% CI] | Percent Change | |
Stroop color word test | ||||
Interference time (s) | 15.13 0.002 (0.54) | 101.93 [89.21, 114.65] | −11.36 (0.002) [−17.66, −5.05] | −11.14% |
Interference accuracy (%) | 0.02 0.900 (<0.01) | 98.79 [98.03, 99.54] | −0.07 (0.900) [−1.28, 1.14] | −0.07% |
Trail making test (TMT) | ||||
Trails B time (s) | 0.01 0.932 (<0.01) | 59.07 [42.48, 75.66] | −0.64 (0.932) [−16.55, 15.26] | −1.09% |
Trails B errors | 1.09 0.315 (0.08) | 0.29 [−0.24, 0.81] | 0.36 (0.315) [−0.38, 1.09] | 125.00% |
Multi-source interference task (MSIT)a | ||||
Interference response time (ms) | 12.05 0.006 (0.55) | 919.16 [842.86, 995.46] | −66.53 (0.006) [−109.23, −23.82] | −7.24% |
Interference commissions | 9.07 0.013 (0.48) | 7.55 [5.32, 9.77] | −4.09 (0.013) [−7.12, −1.06] | −54.22% |
Interference omissions | 1.37 0.268 (0.12) | 3.82 [−0.29, 7.93] | −3.27 (0.268) [−9.50, 2.95] | −85.71% |
Wisconsin card sorting task (WCST) | ||||
Concept level response | 11.31 0.005 (0.47) | 36.71 [27.62, 45.81] | 7.07 (0.005) [2.53, 11.61] | 19.26% |
Total correct | 7.04 0.020 (0.35) | 43.57 [37.10, 50.05] | 3.79 (0.020) [0.70, 6.87] | 8.69% |
Total categories | 8.16 0.013 (0.39) | 2.86 [1.95, 3.76] | 0.64 (0.013) [0.16, 1.13] | 22.50% |
Total perseverative errors | 3.79 0.073 (0.23) | 11.57 [5.70, 17.44] | −2.00 (0.073) [−4.22, 0.22] | −17.28% |
Letter-number sequencing (LNS) | ||||
LNS total | 3.83 0.072 (0.23) | 12.50 [11.25, 13.75] | 0.93 (0.072) [−0.10, 1.95] | 7.43% |
Digit symbol substitution task (DSST) | ||||
DSST total | 0.60 0.451 (0.04) | 60.57 [54.00, 67.14] | 1.21 (0.451) [−2.16, 4.59] | 2.00% |
Controlled oral word association task (COWAT) | ||||
Adjusted score | 0.05 0.836 (0.05) | 50.79 [42.54, 59.03] | 0.36 (0.836) [−3.29, 4.01] | 0.70% |
Categories | 1.71 0.213 (0.12) | 25.43 [22.06, 28.80] | −1.93 (0.213) [−5.11, 1.25] | −7.58% |
Benton visual retention task (BVRT) | ||||
BVRT total | 0.21 0.657 (0.02) | 7.50 [6.41, 8.59] | −0.21 (0.657) [−1.23, 0.80] | −2.86% |
Rey auditory verbal learning task (RAVLT) | ||||
Trials 1–5: total correct | 3.74 0.075 (0.22) | 52.14 [47.65, 56.54] | −3.00 (0.075) [−6.35, 0.35] | −5.75% |
Short delay: correct | 0.39 0.542 (0.03) | 10.50 [8.61, 12.39] | −0.36 (0.542) [−1.59, 0.88] | −3.40% |
Long delay: correct | 0.07 0.800 (0.01) | 10.29 [8.41, 12.16] | −0.14 (0.800) [−1.34, 1.05] | −1.39% |
