Fig. 3: Risk of exposure-induced death % (REID%) for stroke and coronary heart disease for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) carriers compared to the average United States background never-smoker population. | Communications Medicine

Fig. 3: Risk of exposure-induced death % (REID%) for stroke and coronary heart disease for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) carriers compared to the average United States background never-smoker population.

From: Considering clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in space radiation risk analysis for hematologic cancers and cardiovascular disease

Fig. 3

Stroke and total risk of exposure-induced death % (REID%) comparisons of the average United States background never-smoker population to CHIP carriers for a Mars design reference mission (DRM) scenario. Both the background and CHIP populations consist of never-smokers. Stroke REID% for males (a) and females (b) and total REID% for males (c) and females (d). Astronauts in a 20 g/cm2 spherical aluminum shield are exposed to the 2001 galactic cosmic ray (GCR) at solar maximum (MAX) and the 1972 solar particle event (SPE). Unmodified (unmod) background mortality rates are shown with un-hashed bars, and the CHIP-modified background mortality rates are shown with hashed bars. Uncertainty propagation was implemented with a Monte Carlo sampling size of N = 100,000 for each attained age. Median values are shown as red horizontal lines in the box plots. The upper whisker (UW) and lower whisker (LW) of the box plots are defined in terms of the inner quartile range (IQR)—the difference between the third (Q3) and first (Q1) quartiles: LW = Q1 – 1.5×IQR and UW = Q3 + 1.5×IQR.

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