Fig. 1: Proposed health stigma and discrimination framework for vocal stigma.
From: An integrated empirical and computational study to decipher help-seeking behaviors and vocal stigma
Plausible drivers and facilitators contribute to the process of vocal stigmatization. The top of the diagram shows internalized stigma, or self-stigma, and the manifestations and outcomes related to internalizing vocal stigma. The bottom of the diagram outlines how externalized stigma, or social-stigma, manifests and leads to outcomes in a social context. Adapted from ref. 25.
