Fig. 3: Identification of differential laboratory tests between delirium and control patients.

a Log–log plot comparing all significantly differential laboratory results between delirium versus control patients in UCSF (y-axis) and UC-Wide (x-axis) databases. Axes reflect log base 2 of the median lab values for delirium versus control patients. Each dot represents a differential laboratory result that is significantly different between delirium versus control patients in both datasets. Dotted line represents perfect correlation between the magnitude of the odds ratios between the two datasets. b and c Violin plots showing distribution of patients and their median hemoglobin and hematocrit values for UCSF (b) and UC-wide (c) datasets. Black point denotes mean of population. For hemoglobin values: n = 5048 UCSF control patients; 4847 UCSF patients with delirium; 3346 UC-wide control patients; 2676 UC-wide patients with delirium. For hematocrit values: n = 5055 UCSF control patients; 4849 UCSF patients with delirium; 2748 UC-wide control patients; 2179 UC-wide patients with delirium. Two-sided Mann–Whitney U-test, ****p-value < 2.2 × 10⁻¹⁶. See also Supplementary Data 5. UC University of California, UCSF University of California San Francisco, AP alkaline phosphatase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, CRP C-reactive protein, GFR glomerular filtration rate, LDL low-density lipoprotein, Resp rate respiratory rate, SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome.