Fig. 4: Single-cell analysis of endometrium from UF patients with heavy menstrual bleeding compared to healthy controls.

a UMAP of the integrative single-cell dataset of UF (n = 4) and healthy endometrium (n = 5). Colours represent distinct cell subclusters within major cell types. b Heatmaps exhibiting average expression of canonical marker genes used for cell type annotation in stromal (upper left), immune (upper right) and endothelial (bottom) clusters. c Heatmap of differentially enriched cell-cell interactions in UF endometrium compared to healthy controls. Relative values of interaction strength is indicated by a gradient from blue (low) to red (high). d Heatmap displaying TGF-β signalling across cell clusters in normal (left) and UF (right) endometrium. e Violin plots illustrating the expression of ligands and receptors involved in TGF-β signalling in normal (blue) and UF (red) endometrium. f Circle plots showing inferred TGFB2-(ACVR1 + TGFBR1) signalling among different cell types in normal (top) and UF (bottom) endometrium.