Fig. 2: Free-knot penalized splines showing the relationship between country-level lipid intakes and ASAIR. | Communications Medicine

Fig. 2: Free-knot penalized splines showing the relationship between country-level lipid intakes and ASAIR.

From: Country-level incidence of Alzheimer disease and related dementias is associated with increased omega-6-PUFA consumption

Fig. 2: Free-knot penalized splines showing the relationship between country-level lipid intakes and ASAIR.

Incidence is on the y-axis and the y axis range is the same for all 5 plots, for ease of comparison. Each plot depicts the penalized regression spline for a distinct class of country-level lipid data: a omega-6, b omega-3, c saturated fat, d trans-fat, and e dietary cholesterol intake. The dashed lines depict 95% CIs and the hash marks along the x-axis depict data density (n = 183 countries). Estimates are imprecise in regions of low data density. Nonlinear relationships were detected by the generalized cross-validation (GCV) process for saturated fat, trans-fat, and dietary cholesterol (c–e). Apparent thresholds are indicated with a vertical red line.

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