Fig. 6: Correlation results in the relationship between pathology features in each region of interest (ROI) and longitudinal cognitive decline.

a For participants in the CogRes/RANN study, we performed a Spearman partial correlation analysis between pathology features in each ROI and longitudinal cognitive changes, controlling for age, sex, education, baseline cognition, and mean cortical thickness of each hemisphere. Pathology features were characterized by either regional standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) or network-based amyloid-β pathology (NAP). b Same approach was performed for participants in the ADNI study. Compared to regional SUVR measures, NAP scores demonstrated a significantly stronger negative relationship with cognition change in both studies (In the CogRes/RANN study: connectivity-weighted NAP: p < 6.06e-21; centrality-scaled NAP: p < 1.19e-20; In the ADNI study: connectivity-weighted NAP: p < 1.01e-05; centrality-scaled NAP: p < 1.30e-03). Cognition was assessed using global cognition in the CogRes/RANN study and dMemory in the ADNI study. The analysis included seventy-seven participants in the CogRes/RANN study and seventy-two participants in the ADNI study. (**p < 0.01; two-sample Student’s t-test).