Fig. 4: Exposure-response curves for sleep parameters and next-day step count.

A Sleep duration → daily steps, B SOL → daily steps, C SE → daily steps. The black trend line depicts an unadjusted model; the turquoise trend line depicts the model adjusted for ‘awake duration’. Vertical dotted lines indicate the 25^th, 50^th, and 75^th percentiles of the predictor variable. Y-axis values are centred on the median (50^th percentile) of the predicted outcome values computed with all other variables in the model held constant; hence, changes are marginal effects. Trend lines represent mean modelled estimates; grey error bands reflect the 95% confidence interval of these modelled estimates. Models computed on data from all participants (n = 70,693).