Table 3 Prevalence of third-generation cephalosporin resistance in P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii by year, setting, infection type, and region

Year

Before 2009

27.61

20.28

38.52

0.016

30.37

21.49

40.03

<0.0001

2010–2014

18.96

2.63

43.61

59.24

44.4

73.41

2015–2020

40.06

24.64

56.42

36.88

14.41

62.19

After 2020

45.85

23.52

68.99

65.21

49.33

79.71

University hospital

No

44.95

26.99

63.51

0.36

33.15

7.82

64.15

0.15

Yes

34.32

20.59

49.37

57.61

44.47

70.3

Rural/urban

Mixed

42.66

19.62

67.23

<0.0001

58.88

20.74

92.2

0.1

Rural

39.81

13.13

69.88

44.39

3.54

90.08

Urban

21.11

6.08

41.01

62.33

49.97

74.05

Setting

Mixed

36.39

23.09

50.71

<0.0001

35.2

17.48

54.87

<0.0001

Other

40

16.82

68.73

General surgery

62.59

26.07

92.66

80

37.55

96.38

Neonatal ICU

64.92

53.26

75.8

56.33

30.65

80.43

Adult ICU

10.77

5.32

20.6

46.15

23.21

70.86

Ginecology

100

34.24

100

Medical wards

100

74.12

100

62.5

38.64

81.52

Type of infection

UTI

78.28

63.47

90.47

46.15

23.21

70.86

0.01

Mixed

37.46

23.68

52.26

32.86

13.1

56.09

BSI

26

0.66

64.42

39.29

14.06

67.32

Surgical site infection

41.72

18.77

66.46

83.98

67.17

96.26

Neonatal sepsis

77.78

45.26

93.68

Intra-abdominal

22.59

16.05

29.79

CNS

40

16.82

68.73

Otitis

22.1

16.79

27.89

Geographical Area

West Africa

23.89

2.52

54.56

<0.0001

33.06

8.48

62.68

0.36

South Africa

18.8

13.84

24.31

60.86

33.98

84.91

Central Africa

22.92

14.58

32.45

25

7.15

59.07

East Africa

50.94

37.13

64.68

48.94

28.62

69.41