Table 2 Interactions between genetic risk and early life nutrition for total behaviour problems

From: Nutrition in early life interacts with genetic risk to influence preadult behaviour in the Raine Study

 

ADHD PGS (27 SNPs)

Depression PGS (95 SNPs)

Chronic multisite pain PGS (36 SNPs)

Total problems * (1 SNP)

Birth weight PGS (146 SNPs)

Breastfeeding N=1393 O=7191

 Breastfeeding duration (0–38 months)

B: −0.0759

SE: 0.0267

CI: [−0.127, −0.0229]

P: 0.004

B: −0.0761

SE: 0.0262

CI: [−0.128, −0.0251]

P: 0.004

B: −0.0801

SE: 0.0270

CI: [−0.133, −0.0268]

P: 0.003

B: −0.0496

SE: 0.0412

CI: [−0.128, 0.0336]

P: 0.23

B:−0.0759

SE: 0.0262

CI: [−0.128, −0.0252]

P: 0.004

 Polygenic score (SD)

B:−0.177

SE: 0.269

CI: [−0.689, 0.366]

P: 0.51

B: 0.0427

SE: 0.274

CI: [−0.497, 0.575]

P: 0.88

B: 0.633

SE: 0.292

CI: [0.0449, 1.19]

P: 0.03

B: 0.579

SE: 0.576

CI: [−0.517, 1.74]

P: 0.31

B: −0.0225

SE: 0.279

CI: [−0.579, 0.514]

P: 0.94

 Interaction

B:0.0324

SE: 0.0263

CI: [−0.0201, 0.0829]

P: 0.90

B: 0.000436

SE: 0.0263

CI: [−0.0505, 0.0525]

P: 0.99

B: −0.0590

SE: 0.0276

CI: [−0.111, −0.00269]

P: 0.03

B: −0.0433

SE: 0.0508

CI: [−0.147, 0.0523]

P: 0.39

B: 0.0216

SE: 0.0247

CI: [−0.0265, 0.0703]

P: 0.94

Year 1 diet N=1310 O=6780

 EAT1-score (0–70 points)

B: −0.0758

SE: 0.0193

CI: [−0.114, −0.0378]

P: 0.00009

B:−0.0748

SE: 0.0197

CI: [−0.113, −0.0358]

P: 0.0001

B: −0.0752

SE: 0.0198

CI: [−0.114, −0.0358]

P: 0.0002

B: −0.105

SE: 0.034

CI: [−0.171, −0.0379]

P: 0.002

B: −0.0729

SE: 0.0197

CI: [−0.111, −0.0342]

P: 0.0002

 Polygenic score (SD)

B: −2.69

SE: 0.800

CI: [−4.21, −1.07]

P: 0.0008

B: 0.956

SE: 0.936

CI: [−0.878, 2.79]

P: 0.3

B: 0.0130

SE: 0.72

CI: [−1.41, 1.41]

P: 0.99

B:−2.09

SE: 1.763

CI: [−5.54,1.37]

P: 0.24

B: 1.26

SE: 0.831

CI: [−0.375, 2.88]

P: 0.13

 Interaction

B: 0.0625

SE: 0.018

CI: [0.0264, 0.0967]

P: 0.0005

B: −0.0198

SE: 0.0212

CI: [−0.0614, 0.0218]

P: 0.35

B: 0.00498

SE: 0.0162

CI: [−0.0266, 0.0369]

P: 0.76

B:0.0456

SE: 0.0398

CI: [−0.0330, 0.123]

P: 0.25

B: −0.0259

SE: 0.0189

CI: [−0.0629, 0.0113]

P: 0.17

  1. Primary models. Estimates are from models including an interaction term between nutrition and PGS. All models adjusted for sex, age at assessment, maternal age at birth, maternal education length, family income, gestational duration, civil status and principal components. Confidence interval (CI) and p-value in mixed models based on bootstrapped Standard Errors (SE) and two-sided z-test. *Estimates signify the presence of the risk allele. Bold: Significant or borderline significant interactions.