Table 1 Baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of the study population
Characteristic | Healthy (n = 713,776) | CKD (n = 69,648) | ESKD (n = 311) |
|---|---|---|---|
Maternal factors | |||
Age, y | 31.9 ± 3.53 | 32.3 ± 3.99 | 33.5 ± 4.22 |
<25 | 10,007 (1.3%) | 1596 (2.3%) | 7 (2.3%) |
25–29 | 166,213 (21.2%) | 15,082 (21.7%) | 30 (9.7%) |
30–34 | 388,112 (49.5%) | 33,606 (48.3) | 154 (49.5%) |
35–39 | 131,685 (16.8%) | 16,444 (23.6%) | 97 (31.2%) |
≥40 | 17,759 (2.3%) | 2920 (4.2%) | 23 (7.4%) |
Maternal comorbidity | |||
Hypertension | 11,426 (1.6%) | 3468 (4.9%) | 175 (56.3%) |
Diabetes mellitus | 19,229 (2.7%) | 6794 (9.8%) | 117 (37.6%) |
Dyslipidemia | 64,348 (9.0%) | 18,569 (26.66%) | 201 (64.6%) |
Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.79 ± 0.88 | 0.80 ± 0.95 | 1.45 ± 1.59 |
Urine albuminuria (≥1+) | 5472 (0.8%) | 2448 (4.6%) | 18 (16.5%) |
Parity (Number of births), n (%) | |||
1 | 487,477 (68.3) | 47,098 (67.62) | 249 (80.06) |
≥2 | 226,299 (31.7) | 22,550 (32.38) | 62 (19.94) |
Family Income level, n (%) | |||
5th Quintile (Highest) | 59,371 (8.3%) | 8511 (12.2%) | 69 (22.2%) |
4th Quintile | 110,040 (15.4%) | 11,488 (16.5%) | 49 (15.8%) |
3rd Quintile | 201,621 (28.3%) | 17,912 (25.7%) | 71 (22.8%) |
2nd Quintile | 216,601 (30.4%) | 19,079 (27.4%) | 56 (18.0%) |
1st Quintile (Lowest) | 84,936 (11.9%) | 9412 (13.5%) | 45 (14.5%) |
Urbanity, n (%) | |||
Urban | 499,557 (69.9%) | 50,193 (72.1%) | 213 (68.5%) |
Rural | 214,219 (30.0%) | 19,455 (27.9%) | 98 (31.5%) |
Neonatal outcomes | |||
Neonatal sex, male | 366,610 (51.4%) | 35,609 (51.1%) | 151 (48.6%) |
Mean birth weight (kg) | 3.21 ± 0.46 | 3.20 ± 0.48 | 2.60 ± 0.69 |
Low birth weight, n (%) | 22,707 (3.3%) | 2924 (4.3%) | 102 (34.6%) |
NICU admission | 31,613 (4.4%) | 3710 (5.3%) | 80 (25.7%) |
