Fig. 1: Illustration of controlled data collection and the spatial segmentation approach.
From: Crowdsourcing bridge dynamic monitoring with smartphone vehicle trips

a Sensor layout on the dashboard of the first vehicle (Nissan Sentra) which was used to collect first fifty trips. b Sensor layout on dashboard of the second vehicle (Ford Focus) which was used to collect fifty-two trips. For all vehicle trips over the Golden Gate Bridge, The smartphones were facing upward, such that one axis was well-aligned with gravity. Such an orientation is not strictly necessary; although, knowledge on the configuration of the sensors is helpful for data preprocessing. c Generic schematic of spatial segmentation of a bridge which is defined through two independent parameters: Δs and c, which remain uniform over the length of the bridge. The red circles represent the centers of each segment, while the light colored boxes show the segment widths. A close-up of three adjacent segments si−1, si, and si+1, is shown to detail the segmentation parameters: c is the length of each segment, co is the length of the overlap between segments, and Δs is the distance between the centers (red circles) of adjacent segments.