Fig. 3: Hounsfield unit (HU) uniformity and sagittal images of the Contrast phantom scanned by the clinical CBCT M, N1 ms-CBCT and ms-CBCT.

a The boxplot shows the statistical distribution of the SolidWater mean HU values of 9 regions of interest (ROI) marked by yellow solid boxes in the central axial images from the different system configurations. The \(\sigma\) is the standard deviation of the HU mean values of 9 ROIs. b, c The sagittal views of the Contrast phantom measured using the N1 ms-CBCT and ms-CBCT under otherwise the same conditions, respectively. The image distortion caused by data truncation was essentially removed in the ms-CBCT. (Image window: [−1000 HU, 1000 HU], CBCT cone beam computed tomography, ms-CBCT multisource cone beam computed tomography).