Fig. 9: Robustness of the optimizer under reaction kinetics drift (IDV(13)31).
From: Dynamic optimizers for complex industrial systems via direct data-driven synthesis
a Product composition, b production rate, and c cumulative costs indicate stability and cost reductions, showcasing adaptability to disturbances, such as catalyst degradation or fouling. The shaded area indicates the allowable 5% variation in product composition and production rate setpoints.
