Fig. 5: Ultrahigh-speed three-port modulators based on three-terminal electronic metadevices.
From: Active and integrated electronic metadevices for future telecommunication circuits
a Schematic of experimental setup to realize ultrafast ASK and QPSK data transmitters based on three terminal metadevices. b Measured time domain signal corresponding to ASK modulation at 20 Gbps and 40 Gbps data rates with fLO = 80 GHz. In this case, arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) only streams the raw binary data, which is a base-band signal centered at DC. c Frequency spectrum of the ASK-modulated signals. d, e Eye diagrams of the signals at 20 Gbps and 40 Gbps data rates, respectively, showing an excellent low-jitter modulation. f Frequency spectrum of the QPSK signals. In this case, the AWG generates low frequency QPSK signal centered at 15 GHz. The thee-terminal metadevice up-converts the QPSK signal into the center frequency of 100 GHz, using fLO = 85 GHz. Supplementary Data Fig. 8 shows the complete spectrum of the signal received at the port of the high-frequency oscilloscope. g–j Constellation diagrams of the QPSK signals at data rates of 15 Gbps, 25 Gbps, 35 Gbps, and 40 Gbps, respectively. The data-rate was limited by the AWG.
