Fig. 4: Spatial distribution of drought stress in soybean production and projected changes in the Northeast China.

a Drought stress under the baseline (1991–2020). b Change under the low emission scenario. c Change under the medium emission scenario. d Change under the high emission scenario. The simulated results for future climate (2021–2050) are ensemble means of the five general circulation models, including GFDL-ESM4, IPSL-CM6A-LR, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MRI-ESM2.0, and UKESM1.0-LL.