Table 1 Study 1, Exploratory and Holdout samples: Results of quadratic regression models with attitude at wave 1 (linear and quadratic terms) predicting attitude change over time (measured using MSSD).

From: Respondents with more extreme views show moderation of opinions in multi-year surveys in the USA and the Netherlands

  

Exploratory sample

Holdout sample

Attitude

b

95% CI

p

b

95% CI

p

Gender egalitarianism

Linear

–0.00

−0.06–0.06

0.999

−0.01

−0.04 to 0.01

0.304

Quadratic

0.18

0.12–0.25

<0.001

0.14

0.12–0.17

<0.001

Support for affirmative action

Linear

0.22

0.11–0.33

<0.001

0.17

0.11–0.23

<0.001

Quadratic

0.19

0.10–0.28

<0.001

0.08

0.03–0.12

0.001

Support for redistribution

Linear

0.21

−0.01–0.44

0.066

0.18

0.06–0.29

0.002

Quadratic

0.20

0.08–0.32

0.001

0.21

0.15–0.27

<0.001

Support for contraception for teens

Linear

0.10

−0.03–0.23

0.121

0.08

0.02–0.14

0.007

Quadratic

0.30

0.17–0.44

<0.001

0.24

0.18–0.30

<0.001

Support of gays/lesbians

Linear

−0.03

−0.08–0.03

0.321

−0.00

−0.03 to 0.03

0.936

Quadratic

−0.14

−0.22–−0.06

0.001

−0.16

−0.21 to −0.11

<0.001

Disapproval of child corporal punishment

Linear

−0.01

−0.08–0.07

0.870

−0.01

−0.05 to 0.04

0.689

Quadratic

0.19

0.12–0.25

<0.001

0.16

0.12–0.20

<0.001

Permissive sex attitudes

Linear

0.02

−0.06–0.10

0.655

0.04

0.00–0.08

0.043

Quadratic

0.16

0.08–0.25

<0.001

0.11

0.06–0.15

<0.001

Justification of sexual infidelity

Linear

0.46

0.16–0.76

0.002

0.13

−0.02 to 0.27

0.096

Quadratic

0.09

−0.10–0.29

0.357

0.33

0.25–0.41

<0.001

  1. N = 4668.