Table 3 Multivariate multinomial linear regression predicting latent class membership using baseline predictors (Beta coefficients, 95%CI): data fully adjusted, adjusted only for sociodemographic characteristics and unadjusted (n = 13,714)

From: Long-term elevated levels of loneliness are linked to lower health-related quality of life in middle-aged Australian women

  

Increasing

Stable-medium

Stable-high

M (SD)

  

B (95%CI)

B (95%CI)

B (95%CI)

 

PCS

Fully adjusted

−1.06 (−2.11, −0.02)

−0.83 (−2.01, 0.35)

−0.78 (−1.87, 0.31)

44.95 (10.48)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−3.65 (−5.10, −2.19)

−3.70 (−4.98, −2.41)

−4.85 (−6.22, −3.49)

Unadjusted

−4.02 (−5.55, −2.49)

−4.18 (−5.45, −2.90)

−5.58 (−6.99, −4.18)

MCS

Fully adjusted

−3.73 (−5.42, −2.04)

−3.12 (−5.08, −1.15)

−5.67 (−6.84, −4.49)

52.53 (9.56)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−6.96 (−8.69, −5.23)

−6.99 (−8.67, −5.31)

−10.53 (−12.11, −8.95)

Unadjusted

−7.19 (−8.98, −5.41)

−7.26 (−8.97, −5.55)

−10.93 (−12.53, −9.33)

Physical functioning

Fully adjusted

−3.19 (−6.27, −0.11)

−2.59 (−5.79, 0.61)

−4.32 (−7.04, −1.60)

74.66 (23.15)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−9.38 (−13.32, −5.45)

−9.50 (−12.74, −6.27)

−14.00 (−17.18, −10.82)

Unadjusted

−10.36 (−14.44, −6.27)

−10.73 (−13.88, −7.57)

−15.88 (−19.16, −12.60)

Role physical

Fully adjusted

−8.09 (−12.59, −3.58)

−7.18 (−12.60, −1.76)

−9.69 (−13.72, −5.66)

71.04 (40.9)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−18.80 (−25.03, −12.58)

−19.51 (−24.71, −14.31)

−26.31 (−31.38, −21.24)

Unadjusted

−20.06 (−26.52, −13.59)

−21.11 (−26.29, −15.93)

−28.65 (−33.85, −23.45)

Pain index

Fully adjusted

−4.36 (−7.05, −1.67)

−3.45 (−6.51, −0.38)

−4.67 (−6.96, −2.38)

66.29 (23.83)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−11.05 (−14.20, −7.90)

−11.05 (−14.01, −8.08)

−14.97 (−18.04, −11.90)

Unadjusted

−11.77 (−15.01, −8.53)

−11.94 (−14.89, −8.99)

−16.33 (−19.51, −13.14)

General health

Fully adjusted

−3.99 (−6.15, −1.84)

−3.29 (−5.75, −0.83)

−4.78 (−7.00, −2.55)

70.38 (19.99)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−10.39 (−13.06, −7.71)

−10.68 (−13.03, −8.32)

−14.71 (−17.61, −11.81)

Unadjusted

−11.07 (−13.94, −8.20)

−11.52 (−13.94, −9.10)

−15.98 (−18.95, −13.01)

Vitality

Fully adjusted

−5.12 (−8.52, −1.72)

−4.00 (−7.40, −0.60)

−7.20 (−9.28, −5.12)

63.97 (20.46)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−12.58 (−16.06, −9.10)

−12.75 (−15.77, −9.73)

−18.67 (−21.48, −15.86)

Unadjusted

−13.23 (−16.83, −9.62)

−13.55 (−16.60, −10.49)

−19.86 (−22.72, −17.00)

Social functioning

Fully adjusted

−7.53 (−10.67, −4.39)

−6.38 (−10.07, −2.69)

−10.68 (−13.48, −7.88)

84.02 (23.53)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−14.64 (−18.64, −10.63)

−14.67 (−18.10, −11.25)

−21.58 (−24.98, −18.18)

Unadjusted

−15.36 (−19.53, −11.20)

−15.58 (−19.00, −12.15)

−22.90 (−26.35, −19.45)

Role emotional

Fully adjusted

−9.57 (−14.30, −4.84)

−8.12 (−13.44, −2.80)

−15.25 (−19.86, −10.62)

84.79 (32.56)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−17.66 (−23.28, −12.04)

−17.58 (−22.83, −12.34)

−27.47 (−32.97, −21.98)

Unadjusted

−18.53 (−24.40, −12.66)

−18.66 (−23.93, −13.39)

−29.03 (−34.68, −23.39)

Mental health index

Fully adjusted

−6.50 (−9.58, −3.42)

−5.29 (−8.82, −1.76)

−9.30 (−11.36, −7.25)

78.93 (16.14)

Sociodemographic adjusted

−12.28 (−15.54, −9.03)

−12.22 (−15.26, −9.18)

−18.00 (−20.78, −15.23)

Unadjusted

−12.70 (−16.05, −9.35)

−12.71 (−15.78, −9.63)

−18.74 (−21.52, −15.95)

  1. Reference group = ‘Stable-low’ loneliness.
  2. Sociodemographic models were adjusted for age, gender, education, marital status, living arrangement, employment, area remoteness, country of birth and language spoken at home.
  3. Fully adjusted models were adjusted for age, gender, education, marital status, living arrangement, employment, area remoteness, country of birth, language spoken at home, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, depression, anxiety, social support and stress.
  4. PCS Physical Component Summary, MCS Mental Component Summary, B unstadardised Beta coefficients, M Mean, SD Standard deviation.
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