Table 2 Summary table of structural paths estimated in the SEM model

From: A global Youth Peacebuilding Beliefs Scale

Case

Type

Microsystem

Mesosystem

Macrosystem (Voting/Politics)

Macrosystem (Beliefs)

Northern Ireland

Societal Responsibility (Macro)

0.39*** [0.21, 0.46]

0.34*** [0.20, 0.47]

0.45*** [0.29, 0.54]

0.34*** [0.15, 0.34]

Protest Participation (Meso)

−0.07 [0.03, −0.15]

0.13** [0.06, 0.37]

0.12* [0.03, 0.32]

−0.03 [−0.15, 0.09]

Prosocial Behaviour (Micro)

0.24*** [0.12, 0.37]

0.12* [0.01, 0.28]

0.18** [0.05, 0.34]

0.36*** [0.20, 0.40]

Colombia

Societal Responsibility (Macro)

0.38*** [0.29, 0.48]

0.26*** [0.15, 0.35]

0.35*** [0.27, 0.47]

0.48*** [0.26, 0.41]

Protest Participation (Meso)

0.10** [0.08, 0.39]

0.21*** [0.27, 0.59]

0.00 [−0.17, 0.18]

0.04 [−0.06, 0.18]

Prosocial Behaviour (Micro)

0.24*** [0.20, 0.48]

0.24*** [0.16, 0.46]

0.21*** [0.15, 0.45]

0.32*** [0.20, 0.41]

Israel

Societal Responsibility (Macro)

0.37*** [0.21, 0.37]

0.35*** [0.33, 0.55]

0.45*** [0.26, 0.40]

0.44*** [0.36, 0.55]

Protest Participation (Meso)

−0.02 [−0.14, 0.08]

0.31*** [0.54, 0.89]

−0.04 [−0.17, 0.05]

0.12** [0.07, 0.39]

Prosocial Behaviour (Micro)

0.22*** [0.15, 0.38]

0.01 [−0.14, 0.17]

0.22*** [0.16, 0.37]

0.00 [−0.13, 0.14]

Switzerland

Societal Responsibility (Macro)

0.30*** [0.15, 0.40]

0.21** [0.11, 0.40]

0.35*** [0.26, 0.52]

0.28*** [0.11, 0.32]

Protest Participation (Meso)

0.12* [0.03, 0.29]

0.34*** [0.42, 0.77]

0.10* [0.02, 0.30]

0.14** [0.06, 0.25]

Prosocial Behaviour (Micro)

0.24*** [0.12, 0.37]

0.16** [0.08, 0.36]

0.19** [0.10, 0.38]

0.26*** [0.12, 0.33]

  1. Standardised regression estimates and unstandardised 95% confidence intervals by case. Bolded numbers depict significant paths that support convergent validity; remaining non-significant paths represent support for discriminant validity. All tests were two-tailed.
  2. ***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05.