Fig. 2: Factors associated with impacts of COVID-19 on city climate actions and finance.
From: Early engagement and co-benefits strengthen cities’ climate commitments
Results of multilevel generalized structural equation model (GSEM) regressions are displayed as marginal effects (gsem does not provide standardized outputs; Extended Data Table 1 provides interpretation of variable descriptions) ±95% confidence intervals. Regression results for the ‘other’ category are shown in Supplementary Tables 7 and 8. Blue circles: emphasis on climate actions; red circles: finance available for climate action in your city. Filled circles (dark blue) indicate that the association is significant at p < 0.05, light-blue filled circles indicate p < 0.1; empty circles indicate p > 0.1 (two-sided z-tests). Sample size of 689 cities for both climate action and finance models. Missing data due to non-response about climate-related health issues and/or collaboration with business (overall n = 88) and remaining n = 16 missing due to unavailable data on national GDP, liberal democracy rating and/or government response to COVID-19. Variable acronyms are GHG, greenhouse gas; C19, COVID-19; NTL, Nighttime Lights.
