Extended Data Fig. 1: Top 20 mental health (MH) indicators (a) and measurement tools (b) reported in the literature.

Full names of each tool: Profile of Mood States (POMS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Restoration Outcome Scale (ROS), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), World Health Organisation 5 Wellbeing Index (WHO-5), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21), The Short-Form 36 or 12 Health Survey (SF-36, or SF-12), Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS), Subjective Vitality Scales (SVS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Mental Health Inventory - 5 Items (MHI-5), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, 10-item version (CES-D-10). For the meta-analysis, we selected the top seven measurement tools (POMS, PANAS, ROS, PSS, STAI, DASS-21, and SVS) used in experimental studies. We did not include the Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS) because more than half of the studies used it as a confounding variable, instead of an outcome.