Fig. 4: SIM reconstruction of mitochondrial networks at 670 nm emission.

a 1024 × 454 pseudo-widefield (Wf) image of the mitochondria network labeled with MitoTracker Deep Red dye. Scale bar 5 μm. b We compare raw image (R), Wiener filter (Wi), FISTA-SIM (Fi), and B-SIM (B) reconstruction methods for the inset in (a). At high SNR, all methods capture superresolution information with limited reconstruction artifacts. γ parameter shows the average photon count in the image. Scale bar 2.0 μm. c Region of interest corresponding to the orange box in b shown in widefield (upper-left), Wiener, FISTA-SIM, and B-SIM. Scale bar 300 nm. Line cuts (right) demonstrate that B-SIM recovers more superresolution information than other methods without noise amplification. d Low-SNR SIM reconstruction of the same sample using a shorter illumination time. This image is acquired a few seconds after the images in (b). In the raw image, the left triangular half shows an image with the same color scaling as in (b). The right half rescales the image for visual convenience. e Region of interest from the inset in (d). Small shifts in the loop shown in the inset result from the continuously evolving mitochondria network.