Fig. 4: Dual-excitation models improve staining of histological features across multiple stains. | npj Imaging

Fig. 4: Dual-excitation models improve staining of histological features across multiple stains.

From: Label-free whole slide virtual multi-staining using dual-excitation photon absorption remote sensing microscopy

Fig. 4: Dual-excitation models improve staining of histological features across multiple stains.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a Masson’s trichrome, ccRCC kidney: Each region shows a collagen segmentation map (bottom left) and Collagen Proportionate Area (CPA). Violin plots of CPA distribution (N = 4,205, 256px patches) show the dual excitation model (median 0.57) closely matches the reference (0.59), versus the 266 nm only model (0.40). b H& E, mouse kidney: Dashed outlines and arrows highlight missing nuclei in the 355 nm only output. Adding 266 nm contrast improves nuclear staining. Violin plots of nuclear count distribution (N=17,821, 256px patches) show close agreement between the dual excitation model (median 42.00) and the reference (41.57), compared to the 355 nm-only model (34.95). c Improvement of RBC staining with addition of 355 nm excitation. In c-i and c-ii, RBCs are absent or miscolored in the 266 nm only model; in c-iii, false RBC-like structures appear where none exist in the reference. d PAS, skin tissue: Dual excitation improves fungal hyphae staining. Adding 355 nm results in more clear hyphae staining, whereas the 266 nm only model shows incomplete or missed structures.

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