Fig. 4: Scatter plot of the change in 95^th percentile of accumulated rainfall (ΔRain_p95) versus the change in mean cloud-layer horizontal wind speed (ΔU_cloud) over the urban area.

The color of the points indicates the change in the mean accumulated rainfall (ΔRain). All changes are computed as percent differences between the “urban” and “no-urban” simulations at each 15-min output time. The symbol’s shape denotes the rainfall event. Only data points where ΔRain is positive are displayed. “Acc.” (“Dec.”) refers to an increase (decrease) in U_cloud, and “int.” (“sup.”) refers to an increase (decrease) in Rain_p95. The quantity N is the percent of points falling in each quadrant and ΔMed indicates the median ΔRain value in each quadrant.