Table 2 Observational and model attribution results for 4-day MAM maxima precipitation events in Rio Grande do Sul
Model/observations | Threshold for 100-year return period event (mm) | GMST | ENSO | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Probability ratio PR | Change in intensity ΔI [%] | Probability ratio PR | Change in intensity ΔI [%] | ||
BR-DWGD | 147.8 | 2.7e + 20 (5.3 … 3.6e + 79) | 39 (10 … 74) | 6.2 (1.2 … 8.2e + 2) | 8.1 (1.2 … 16) |
CPC | 159.58 | 1.9 (0.0 … ∞) | 5.8 (−33 … 86) | 3.2 (1.3 … 51) | 11 (3.1 … 23) |
MSWEP | 161.22 | 5.0e + 2 (0.00061 … 2.7e + 20) | 31 (−18 … 1.1e + 2) | 4.9 (1.4 … 2.3e + 2) | 11 (3.1 … 22) |
GPCC | 173.39 | 6.4e + 3 (0.17 … 3.4e + 17) | 39 (−12 … 1.2e + 2) | 5.1 (1.2 … 4.0e + 2) | 11 (2.7 … 25) |
CHIRPS | 156.13 | ∞ (0.0 … ∞) | 29 (−23 … 95) | 4.6 (0.81 … 8.1e + 2) | 6.6 (-0.81 … 16) |
CORDEX | |||||
CanESM2_rcp85_RCA4 (1) | 123.20 | 5.0e + 2 (0.87 … ∞) | 20 (−1.6 … 36) | 19 (2.0 … ∞) | 12 (6.2 … 19) |
GFDL-ESM2M_rcp85_RCA4 (1) | 94.88 | 52 (1.8 … ∞) | 32 (5.1 … 68) | 4.6 (1.9 … ∞) | 13 (6.6 … 22) |
HadGEM2-ES_rcp85_RCA4 (1) | 80.76 | 2.1 (0.18 … ∞) | 4.1 (−15 … 21) | 1.9 (0.74 … ∞) | 3.8 (−1.8 … 10) |
HadGEM2-ES_rcp85_RegCM4-7 (1) | 116.89 | 65 (0.15 … ∞) | 8.4 (−6.5 … 24) | 1.4 (0.33 … ∞) | 1.1 (−5.4 … 6.8) |
MPI-ESM-LR_rcp85_RCA4 (1) | 93.82 | 1.2 (0.25 … 39) | 4.4 (−19 … 37) | 1.5 (0.70 … 4.3) | 7.9 (−5.1 … 22) |
MPI-ESM-LR_rcp85_REMO2009 (1) | 209.33 | 2.6 (1.1 … 9.2) | 22 (2.7 … 46) | 1.1 (0.76 … 1.8) | 1.9 (−5.6 … 11) |
MPI-ESM-MR_rcp85_RegCM4-7 (1) | 154.47 | 47 (0.90 … ∞) | 39 (−1.6 … 93) | 2.5 (0.68 … ∞) | 9.9 (−3.5 … 30) |
NorESM1-M_rcp85_RCA4 (1) | 99.44 | 1.2e + 2 (2.3 … ∞) | 32 (8.1 … 59) | 2.3 (1.2 … ∞) | 6.7 (2.1 … 12) |
NorESM1-M_rcp85_RegCM4-7 (1) | 130.24 | 2.1e + 2 (0.16 … ∞) | 20 (−11 … 58) | 21 (1.8 … ∞) | 14 (4.0 … 25) |
CMIP | |||||
EC-Earth3_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 124.37 | (0.35 … 15) | 2.5 (−12 … 20) | 2.1 (1.0 … 5.4) | 7.5 (0.42 … 15) |
EC-Earth3-CC_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 139.36 | 2.1 (0.66 … 22) | 7.2 (−4.7 … 19) | 4.0 (1.9 … 20) | 13 (5.9 … 20) |
EC-Earth3-Veg-LR_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 113.64 | 8.0 (0.79 … ∞) | 13 (−1.5 … 31) | 5.1 (1.6 … 82) | 11 (3.3 … 18) |
INM-CM4-8_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 91.03 | 11 (0.77 … ∞) | 21 (−2.4 … 51) | 0.62 (0.28 … 1.4) | −4.8 (-11 … 2.7) |
INM-CM5-0_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 113.86 | 0.76 (0.092 … 30) | −3.6 (−32 … 33) | 1.2 (0.60 … 2.8) | 2.7 (−5.1 … 11) |
KACE-1-0-G_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 179.00 | 0.74 (0.25 … 2.5) | −3.8 (−18 … 12) | 1.2 (0.71 … 2.0) | 2.0 (−3.8 … 8.4) |
MIROC6_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 162.77 | 1.1e + 2 (0.63 … ∞) | 28 (−4.5 … 63) | 9.6 (2.2 … ∞) | 16 (6.5 … 26) |
MPI-ESM1-2-HR_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 148.67 | 0.50 (0.10 … 7.5) | −7.6 (−27 … 16) | 2.4 (1.3 … 6.9) | 9.5 (2.6 … 17) |
MPI-ESM1-2-LR_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 126.27 | 0.67 (0.13 … 4.1) | −5.1 (-24 … 16) | 2.1 (1.2 … 4.4) | 9.5 (2.3 … 17) |
NESM3_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 111.33 | 0.87 (0.23 … 4.8) | −1.1 (−10 … 10) | 2.5 (0.99 … 21) | 6.8 (−0.043 … 13) |
NorESM2-LM_ssp585_r1i1p1f1 (1) | 108.34 | 1.4 (0.073 … 1.6e + 2) | 3.0 (−23 … 34) | 1.8 (0.73 … 6.4) | 4.8 (−2.2 … 14) |
AM2.5C360 (2) | 5.5 (0.68 … 5.3e + 2) | 11 (-2.4 … 26) | 2.4 (1.1 … 9.4) | 6.1 (1.1 … 12) | |
Ensemble member 6 | 86.47 | 9.6 (1.6 … 5.3e + 2) | 16 (3.5 … 30) | 1.4 (0.56 … 5.1) | 2.1 (−3.2 … 8.1) |
Ensemble member 7 | 77.49 | 3.2 (0.30 … 5.0e + 2) | 6.8 (−7.8 … 22) | 4.2 (2.0 … 17) | 10 (5.7 … 15) |
FLOR (7) | 6.0 (0.27 … 6.8e + 3) | 9.1 (0.87 … 18) | 4.3 (0.86 … 48) | 6.9 (4.5 … 9.5) | |
Ensemble member 1 | 82.62 | 1.2e + 2 (4.9 … ∞) | 16 (6.7 … 26) | 3.8 (1.8 … 13) | 5.9 (3.2 … 8.7) |
Ensemble member 2 | 77.95 | 1.6e + 4 (2.0 … ∞) | 11 (2.5 … 21) | 34 (5.2 … ∞) | 7.8 (5.3 … 10) |
Ensemble member 3 | 78.18 | 16 (0.93 … ∞) | 7.8 (-0.25 … 17) | 11 (3.6 … ∞) | 7.1 (4.7 … 9.8) |
Ensemble member 5 | 79.13 | 2.4 (0.79 … 11) | 5.8 (-1.5 … 13) | 2.5 (1.7 … 6.1) | 6.2 (3.9 … 8.6) |
Ensemble member 8 | 78.88 | 12 (1.2 … ∞) | 11 (1.0 … 21) | 3.6 (2.1 … 9.1) | 5.9 (3.3 … 8.5) |
Ensemble member 9 | 77.34 | 10 (1.2 … 1.1e + 8) | 11 (1.4 … 21) | 3.6 (2.2 … 11) | 6.6 (4.3 … 9.0) |
Ensemble member 10 | 74.58 | 4.7 (0.71 … ∞) | 5.4 (−1.4 … 13) | 14 (3.9 … ∞) | 8.3 (6.2 … 11) |