Fig. 1: Spatial distributions of total occurrence days of individual and compound hazard events during 2002–2023.

H, F, P, HF, HP, FP, and HFP represent heatwaves (A), fires (B), aerosol pollution (C), heatwave-wildfire compound events (D), heatwave-pollution compound events (E), wildfire-pollution compound events (F), and heatwave-wildfire-pollution compound events (G), respectively.