Fig. 6: PFM image of the ferroelectric domain structure along the polar axis (y-face).
From: Backward wave optical parametric oscillation in a waveguide
The z-axis represents the polar axis of the crystal, while the x-axis indicates the direction of light propagation. The domains inverted by electric field poling propagate approximately 25–30 µm into the bulk before they merged. The depth of the domains inverted by ion exchange exhibit cone-shaped structures with depths ranging from 3 to 6 µm, as shown in the inset.
