Fig. 2: Regulation of transcription factors by metabolite sensors.
From: Regulation of gene expression through protein-metabolite interactions
A The metabolite itaconate inhibits KEAP1 preventing degradation of NRF2 which activates genes responsible for an anti-inflammatory response. KEAP1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, NRF2 nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, Ub ubiquitin. B SCAP proteolytically releases a transcriptionally active fragment of SREBP1 under low sterol conditions which subsequently translocates to the nucleus regulating the expression of lipid biosynthesis genes. ER endoplasmic reticulum, SREBP1 sterol regulatory-element binding protein, SCAP SREBP cleavage-activating protein, SRE sterol response element.
