Fig. 5: Wearable sensors for blood flow.
From: State-of-the-art wearable sensors for cardiovascular health: a review
a Structure of the thermal analysis sensors and photos integrated with human skin163. b Thermal analysis sensor for human blood flow monitoring165. c Self-adaptive epidermal thermal analysis sensors prevent measurement errors caused by variations in mounting position166. d Doppler principle for blood flow measurement169. e Laser Doppler blood flow measurement system for PAD patients169. f Wearable laser Doppler blood flow sensors while running170. g Flexible ultrasound transducers for blood flow monitoring171. h Ultrasensitive ultrasonic blood flow sensor capable of mitigating measurement inaccuracies caused by Doppler angle discrepancies167. i Photoacoustic blood flow sensors168.
