Fig. 4: Relationship between electric vehicle stock share and public charging infrastructure.

Public charging-network density (measured as the average number of electric vehicles (EVs) per public charging port) versus light-duty EVs stock share for selected states, countries and the global average in 2024. Bubble sizes are proportional to the number of EV public ports available in that region. In general, the number of EVs supported by each public charger, on average, tends to increase less than proportionally with EV market share, reflecting diminishing marginal infrastructure needs as adoption, and station utilization, grows. However, regional variation remains substantial owing to differences in mobility needs, private charging availability, urban form and other factors impacting need and preference for public charging. Data included in Supplementary Table 4 (Supplementary Table 3 reports 2019 data for comparison).