Table 1 Demographic characteristics for Medicaid violence-related hospital visits for 1999–2012.

From: Higher temperatures are associated with increased interpersonal and self-inflicted violence-related Medicaid hospital visits in the United States

Characteristic

All violence,

N = 332,293a

Interpersonal violence,

N = 327,577a

Self-inflicted violence,

N = 17,271a

Sex

 Female

187,636 (56%)

183,586 (56%)

10,864 (63%)

 Male

144,657 (44%)

143,991 (44%)

6407 (37%)

Age group

 0–24 years

114,350 (34%)

111,990 (34%)

6388 (37%)

 25–44 years

116,002 (35%)

113,468 (35%)

7590 (44%)

 45–64 years

74,731 (22%)

74,495 (23%)

3070 (18%)

 65+ years

27,210 (8.2%)

27,624 (8.4%)

223 (1.3%)

Climate region

 Northeast

63,450 (19%)

62,771 (19%)

2438 (14%)

 Northern Rockies and Plains

9647 (2.9%)

9738 (3.0%)

216 (1.3%)

 Northwest

8493 (2.6%)

8869 (2.7%)

165 (1.0%)

 Ohio Valley

80,384 (24%)

80,451 (25%)

2636 (15%)

 South

42,644 (13%)

43,336 (13%)

1463 (8.5%)

 Southeast

75,062 (23%)

69,105 (21%)

8540 (49%)

 Southwest

13,789 (4.1%)

14,606 (4.5%)

469 (2.7%)

 Upper Midwest

29,074 (8.7%)

28,741 (8.8%)

1219 (7.1%)

 West

9750 (2.9%)

9960 (3.0%)

125 (0.7%)

Poverty quintilesb

 1

23,775 (7.2%)

23,293 (7.1%)

1333 (7.7%)

 2

54,506 (16%)

53,421 (16%)

3041 (18%)

 3

72,815 (22%)

71,489 (22%)

4129 (24%)

 4

82,823 (25%)

81,679 (25%)

4331 (25%)

 5

98,374 (30%)

97,695 (30%)

4437 (26%)

Educational attainment quintilesb

 1

36,958 (11%)

36,430 (11%)

1976 (11%)

 2

58,888 (18%)

57,533 (18%)

3711 (21%)

 3

73,235 (22%)

71,992 (22%)

4035 (23%)

 4

80,566 (24%)

79,826 (24%)

3858 (22%)

 5

82,646 (25%)

81,796 (25%)

3691 (21%)

Non-white quintilesb

 1

17,386 (5.2%)

17,106 (5.2%)

881 (5.1%)

 2

38,015 (11%)

37,213 (11%)

2164 (13%)

 3

63,335 (19%)

61,754 (19%)

4067 (24%)

 4

86,804 (26%)

85,183 (26%)

5161 (30%)

 5

126,753 (38%)

126,321 (39%)

4998 (29%)

  1. an (%).
  2. bWe divided each covariate into quintiles of ZIP Codes (e.g., for poverty, ZIP Codes with the lowest proportion in poverty (1st quintile) to ZIP Codes with the highest proportion in poverty (5th quintile)) and assigned values to each individual visiting the hospital, based on their residential ZIP Code. Therefore, while there were the same number of ZIP Codes in each quintile, there were variable numbers of hospital visits within each quintile.