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Tsusaka et al. discover that histone deacetylases, which are well known to remove protein modifications, such as lysine acetylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation, can also reverse their chemical activity to add lysine modifications.

A halogenase enzyme uses the copper in its active site to catalyse iterative chlorinations on multiple unactivated carbon−hydrogen bonds, enabling carbon−hydrogen functionalization that is not achievable with an iron-based halogenase.

JmjC histone demethylases (KDMs) are cancer targets due to their links to cell proliferation, but selective inhibition remains a challenge. Here the authors identify potent inhibitors of KDM4A-C—viain vitroselection from a vast library of cyclic peptides—that show selectivity over other KDMs.

The replicative helicase CMG unidirectionally unwinds DNA during eukaryotic chromatin replication. Here, the authors computationally reproduce CMG translocation and show how it traverses a nucleosome with help of replication proteins.

A structure of the prostaglandin E₂ receptor 3 (EP3) bound to the agonist misoprostol shows a completely enclosed binding pocket with a structured water molecule that coordinates misoprostol's ring structure and explains the receptor's selectivity.

H₂O₂ is a commodity chemical produced in industry via the anthraquinone process from H₂ and O₂. Now a heterogeneous catalysis approach is presented in which H₂O₂ is synthesized from H₂O and O₂ on defective SnSe nanosheets at ambient conditions.

Hydrogen production coupled with electrochemical oxidation of organic nucleophiles is often limited by catalyst’s reconstruction at the anode. Here, the authors developed the stable Ni(II) active sites in Prussian Blue analogue for fast, selective ethylene glycol electrooxidation and constructed an effective coupled electrochemical hydrogen production flow cell.

The electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to high-value products through local coordination environment regulation of metal centers is important. Here, the authors demonstrate an asymmetric Zn-Sn dual atom sites catalyst with d-p orbital hybridization thereby achieving high formate selectivity.

Ultrasoft nanomesh electronics enable monitoring of the field potential of cardiomyocytes without interference with their natural motion.

Understanding the structure-function relationship in Cu-catalyzed CO₂ reduction is challenging due to dynamic active sites. This study introduces stable coordination polymer catalysts with homogenized, single-site Cu, enabling the study and tuning of C–C coupling efficiency in CO₂ electroreduction.

Microbial ecosystem-based bioproduction requires the regulation of phenotypic structure of microbial populations. Here, the authors report the construction of a programmed lysis system and its ability for reprograming microbial cooperation in poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) and butyrate production by E. coli strains.

Maji and coworkers report the selective conversion of CO₂ to CH₄ under visible light by utilizing a charge transfer complex within Zr-MOF-808 pores. The complex ultimately facilitates efficient multielectron reduction at the Zr-catalytic center.

Recently, fabrication processes have realised three-dimensional nanoporous graphene. Here, the authors reveal two-dimensional Dirac plasmons in three-dimensional nanoporous graphene disclosing strong plasmonic absorptions tunable from terahertz to mid-infrared via controllable doping level and porosity.

Smart hydrogels are 3D networks composed of cross-linked polymer chains that can alter their shape and properties in response to environmental stimuli. Xiaet al.demonstrate a smart hydrogel with rapid response and high elasticity, due to its nano-scale structure.

To improve the specificity of immunotherapy, here the authors report the design of a semiconducting polymer immunomodulatory nanoparticle with sonodynamic process to remotely release immune-modulators for deep-tissue precision cancer sono-immunotherapy.

Graphitic carbon nitride has long been considered a poor oxygen evolution catalyst. Here, the authors report a simple fluorination strategy to prevent the accumulation of inert C=O on carbon nitride to break through this bottleneck.

Viruses have been re-engineered for many applications but the ability to build asymmetric capsids in vitro has been lacking. Here, the authors report the design of asymmetric subunits with different growth rates leading to capsids with discrete patches and potential for distinct surface chemistries.

Graphene-covering technology provides a promising approach for achieving a non-noble-metal-catalyst with corrosion protection and catalytic activity under acidic media. Here, the authors unveil that the electrochemical hydrogen evolution mechanism is governed by the proton penetration phenomenon.

Stem growth in rice is regulated by an accelerator gene and a decelerator gene in parallel with gibberellic acid, and the opposite selection of these genes has led to adaptations to different environments.

Metabolites produced by the gut microbiota can potentially affect our physiology. Here, the authors present a metabolomics strategy that models microbiota metabolism as a reaction network and uses pathway analysis to facilitate identification and characterization of microbial metabolites.

A method of endowing thermoset plastics with a degree of recyclability and reprocessability by incorporating cleavable chemical linkages in the strands of the polymer, rather than in the crosslinks, is presented.

3D-printed soft actuators have limited motion and are far from reaching the level of complexity found in biological systems. Here the authors present a multimaterial 3D printing platform for the fabrication of soft actuators displaying a wide range of motions that are programmable.

Accurate and efficient testing is essential for ensuring the quality and safety of the food we eat. Whereas most analysis methods are destructive, Duncan Graham-Rowe reports that optical techniques are not only non-invasive but in some cases can also assess nutritional content.

In perovskite solar cells, the excited state property of hole-transport layer is not usually considered for the devices. Here the authors design organic hole-transport materials with high transition dipoles having extended lifetime at the excited states to improve the charge extraction of the devices.

Freely attachable carbon nanotube terahertz–infrared imager sheet performs in-line, dynamic, and real-time detailed testing of pharmaceutic pill products in an on-site non-destructive monitoring manner.

HSP70 is a molecular chaperone that aids protein folding. In this study, HSP70 is shown to be methylated and this post-translationally modified protein is elevated in expression in human cancers and promotes the activity of Aurora kinase B.

Only very few enzymes are known to catalyze protein histidine methylation. Here, the authors show that METTL9 is responsible for most 1-methylhistidine modifications in mouse and human proteomes, and characterize METTL9′s substrate specificity and potential cellular functions.

Reforming of methane with H₂S bears a potential for the practical generation of hydrogen from sour natural gas but remains underutilized. Here the authors analyse the reactivity of metal oxides of group 4–6 elements, which are commonly regarded as inert supports for methane activation, and highlight the substantial reactivity of these material ascribed to highly dynamic cation-bound sulfur species.