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The authors have applied an eight-tissue rat multi-omic dataset to analyze the gene regulatory landscape of endurance exercise training, identifying tissue-specific regulatory patterns involved in muscle function, metabolism and immune response.

The unique properties of membranes made from MOF glasses suggest their potential for precise molecular-sieving separations. In this work, the authors present a step-by-step method to fabricate large, free-standing MOF glass membranes capable of sharply excluding methane.

Here, the authors show that 2’-O-methylated RNA fragments from ribosomal RNA naturally block TLR7 and TLR8, helping to avoid avoid harmful self-RNA detection and autoimmunity.

An electrothermal fluorination methodology has been developed to transform granular activated carbon-sorbed aqueous film-forming foam waste into graphene and a fluorinating reagent, subsequently enabling lithium recovery from brine sources.

Yücel et al. examine how skin and hair characteristics impact functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signal quality and provide recommendations for inclusive use of fNIRS.

Current limb-driven methods often result in suboptimal prosthetic motions. Kühn and colleagues develop a framework called synergy complement control (SCC) that advances prosthetics by learning ‘cyborg’ limb-driven control, ensuring natural coordination. Validated in diverse trials, SCC offers reliable and intuitive enhancement for limb functionality.

Regrowth of lost enamel in tooth decay and sensitivity is a major obstacle to overcome. Here, the authors report on a protein-based material that mimics features of natural enamel formation, allowing for epitaxial growth of apatite nanocrystals to restore enamel structure and function.

This work challenges the view of nucleation governing halide perovskite grain morphology, showing that most additives act post-nucleation by boosting ion mobility across grain boundaries, triggering grain coarsening, similar to post-processing effects.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

GRX-810, an oxide dispersion strengthened alloy, shows excellent structural performance above 1100°C and stability up to 1300 °C. Grain-size effects, additive manufacturing–induced anisotropy, and fine trigonal Y₂O₃ particles enhance creep resistance.

Feng et al. report a dynamic template-assisted strategy for depositing perovskite nanowire arrays across areas 12 times larger than the template itself, on diverse substrates. Large-area pixelated photodetectors with a responsivity of 1660A W⁻¹, detectivity of 3.9E14 Jones, and linear dynamic range of 160.3 dB are achieved.

A metalens is integrated into the design of an endoscopic optical coherence tomography catheter to achieve near-diffraction-limited imaging free of non-chromatic aberrations, offering high-resolution imaging well beyond the Rayleigh range of the input field.

Intraventricular hemorrhage is one of the most fatal forms of brain injury. It is a common complication in premature infants and has limited treatment options. Here, the authors show that transcranial photostimulation can ameliorate lymphatic removal of blood from the brain of adult and newborn rodents after intraventricular hemorrhage, providing fast recovery and improvement of behavioral outcomes.

Hybrid MOF-glasses can be shaped and processed in analogy to conventional glasses. Here, microstructures are formed by thermal imprinting, whilst preserved porosity of the material enables its further use in responsive optics.

Projected impacts of climate change on malaria burden in Africa by 2050 highlight the urgent need for climate-resilient malaria control strategies and robust emergency response systems to safeguard progress towards malaria eradication.

The LHCb experiment at CERN has observed significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the beauty baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, thus demonstrating CP violation in baryon decays.

Multicellular tissues behave akin to nematic liquid crystals, which are fluid as well as ordered. Here, the authors develop an image analysis method to capture the nematic ordering of tissues with the complex geometries typical of morphogenesis.

Low-cost conversion cathodes are promising for future all-solid-state battery technology, but their poor electronic and ionic conductivity restrict reactions to three-phase boundaries. By using mixed ionic–electronic conductors, conversion reactions can be initiated at two-phase boundaries, resulting in enhanced discharge capacity and lifespan.

Nonlinear machine learning methods have good predictive ability but the lack of transparency of the algorithms can limit their use. Here the authors investigate how these methods approach learning in order to assess the dependability of their decision making.

Upon proteotoxic stress, metazoan cells sequester protein aggregates in huge structures termed aggresomes. Here, the authors show that the disaggregase p97/VCP mediates the breakdown of aggresomes as a prerequisite for their degradation by autophagy.

The MICrONS mouse visual cortex dataset shows that neurons with similar response properties preferentially connect, a pattern that emerges within and across brain areas and layers, and independently emerges in artificial neural networks where these ‘like-to-like’ connections prove important for task performance.

Efforts to treat heart failure with antioxidants have failed. Here, authors reveal a robust sex-dependent endogenous defense against oxidative damage and demonstrate antioxidative treatment’s efficacy solely in subjects with inadequate redox capacity.

Cryo-EM maps of different clathrin cage architectures and accompanying analyses lead to a consensus model of the clathrin triskelion hub, suggesting a universal assembly mode that still allows adaptation to various vesicle sizes and shapes.

Folding of abundant, complex proteins can begin during their synthesis. Here, Sabbarini et al. show that the conserved protein Ypl225w (Chp1) functions as a co-translational chaperone for eEF1A and identify a role for NAC in the process as a recruitment factor.

ER membranes tune protein degradation to lipid composition. Using reconstitution approaches, the authors show that the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBE2J2 senses lipid packing, modulating its own and partner enzyme activities; together, they integrate lipid saturation and cholesterol signals.

Stress-induced tribochemical reactions that reduce friction at sliding interfaces typically require liquid lubricants. Here, the authors discover the nanoscale tribocatalytic formation of onion-like carbon from 2D MoS₂ and nanodiamond under dry and oil-free conditions, providing superlubricity at the macroscale.

GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) often contain regulatory PH domains. In this work, Soubias et al, using an integrated structure-function approach, discovered a mechanism where a GAP PH domain binds directly to a GTPase to induce allosteric changes facilitating GTP hydrolysis.

Layered boron compounds attract enormous interest in applications. This work reports first-principles calculations coupled with global optimization to show that the outer boron surface in MgB₂ nanosheets undergo disordering and clustering, which is experimentally confirmed in synthesized MgB₂ nanosheets.

Antony et al. examine the link between multi-event long-term surprises and memory formation. Combined analysis of basketball fan questionnaires and public NBA data shows that surprising events are associated with better memory across timescales.

A method for the sequential assessment of the physical phenotypes of suspended cells singularized from tissue biopsies by mechanical dissociation allows for rapid diagnoses.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Li, Burgos-Bravo and colleagues report that NDF phase separation regulates FACT condensation, which enhances transcription by generating a localized biochemical environment that promotes nucleosome disassembly while preserving chromatin integrity by retaining histones.

The spin texture of a magnetic system can host a variety of topological spin textures, the most famous of these being skyrmions. Here, Volkov et al demonstrate higher order vorticity in magnetic wireframe nanostructures and introduce a general protocol for the creation of arbitrary numbers of vortices and antivortices in such wireframe structures.

Obtaining accurate variant calls from multiple displacement amplified single cell DNA sequencing data needs dedicated models that account for amplification bias and copy errors. Here, the authors describe ProSolo, a model for calling single nucleotide variants with control over the false discovery rate.

Zeinert et al. provide cryo-EM structures of the E. coli Mg²⁺ importer MgtA: unexpectedly, this P-type ATPase is a dimer with an uncommon transmembrane ion-binding site and knotted N-terminus, which are functionally important features.

Altered expression and function of the extracellular matrix protein PRG4 have been associated with osteoarthritis. Here, the authors show that mast cell tryptase β cleaves PRG4, resulting in a reduction of lubrication and activation of inflammation in this context.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

The lysosomal enzyme beta-glucocerebrosidase is a key player and promising therapeutic target in Parkinson’s disease. Here, Dobert et al. leveraged cryo-EM to solve the protein structure of the enzyme in complex with its lysosomal transporter LIMP-2.

3-Ketoacyl-ACP reductase is required for mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. Venkatesan et al.present structures of this enzyme, show that the β-subunit is involved in fatty acid synthesis and propose a role for the α-subunit in routing unsaturated fatty acids into β-oxidation.

The co-crystal structure of VSGsur with the trypanocidal compound suramin directly links the binding of the drug to the resistance phenotype displayed by strains of Trypanosoma brucei expressing VSGsur. Therefore, VSGs can have a function beyond that of antigenic variation.