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Genome-wide analyses identify 13 loci associated with susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants, including variation in ST6GAL1, previously associated with influenza susceptibility, and other genes involved in glycosylation processes.

CD163, a macrophage receptor, is essential for clearing hemoglobin during hemolysis to prevent oxidative damage. Here, the authors reveal the cryo-electron microscopy structure of CD163 bound to haptoglobin-hemoglobin, uncovering calcium-dependent interactions critical for its function and oligomerization.

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from agricultural sources is generally omitted from sulfur emission estimates despite its abundance in livestock emissions. Here, the authors show that agriculture is the most important source of sulfur in Denmark using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry measurements of H₂S.

Sequencing data from two large-scale studies show that most of the genetic variation influencing the risk of type 2 diabetes involves common alleles and is found in regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies, clarifying the genetic architecture of this disease.

Genome-wide analyses identify variants associated with infertility and reproductive hormone levels but find limited polygenic overlap between reproductive hormone levels and infertility at the population level.

By combining the benefits of multidimensional spectroscopy with photoemission electron microscopy, scientists in Germany have successfully mapped the coherence lifetimes of plasmons in silver with nanoscale spatial resolution and femtosecond temporal resolution.

Lithographic metal patterns are used to control the formation of large droplets that naturally occur during the heating of compound semiconductors. The general concept opens a new way to steer bottom-up synthesis across the surface of a chip.

The conductance across single-molecule junctions is highly dependent on the electronic properties of the molecule in question. Here the authors use this fact to monitor a photo-thermal reaction by analysing break junction data, and observe significant differences compared to solution state behaviour.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is known to be involved in defence against DNA viruses, but its role in the control of RNA viruses remains poorly explored. Here the authors show that STING participates in an innate immune response to RNA virus infection in a cGAS-independent manner.

Donor-acceptor molecules are important components for molecular electronics applications. Here, the authors show that donor-acceptor molecular wires exhibit changes in conductivity under the influence of small changes in the environment.

The electrical contacts to semiconductor nanostructures play an important role for the performance of nanotechnology devices. Here Suyatin et al.observe a strong reduction in the Schottky barrier height between Au–In alloy particles and GaAs-nanowires owing to a reduced density of pinning states and formation of an electric dipole layer.

The North Water polynya is a unique but vulnerable ecosystem, home to Indigenous people and Arctic keystone species. New palaeoecological records from Greenland suggest human abandonment c. 2200–1200 cal yrs BP occurred during climate-forced polynya instability, foreshadowing future ecosystem declines.

Site-selected crystal material synthesis at the atomic scale has been a long-standing challenge. Here the authors use nanowire crystal phase heterostructures as templates for self-selective growth of one- and two-dimensional GaBi nanostructures, which allows versatile design with atomic-scale precision.

Little is known about the biology of back pain, a leading cause of disability. Here the authors report 30 new back pain loci, implicating genes involved in cartilage/bone biology, as well as neurological and inflammatory processes.

The ultrafast optical dynamics of plasmon-quantum emitter systems have rarely been explored. Here, the authors study those dynamics by interferometrically probing nonlinear optical emission from porous gold nanosponges with zinc oxide emitters, allowing sum-frequency generation enhancement from individual hot spots.

6,6,12-graphyne is an intriguing synthetic allotrope of carbon that is predicted to have unique electronic properties but has not been successfully synthesized. Here, the authors prepare a series of radiaannulene oligomers that can be regarded as large segments of this elusive graphyne allotrope.

Atomic layer deposition of high-quality thin oxide layers is crucial for many modern semiconductor electronic devices. Here, the authors explore the surface chemistry during the initial deposition and observe a previously unknown two-step process, with promise for an improved self-cleaning effect.

Transition state theory has proven to be a powerful tool for the analysis of a number of processes, perhaps most commonly chemical reactions. Here, the authors use transition state theory to model a directly observable, micron scale process—the transport of DNA molecules in a confined environment.

The underlying genetics of carpal tunnel syndrome is not well understood. Here, the authors perform a GWAS meta-analysis for carpal tunnel syndrome finding variants at 50 loci with connections to the extracellular matrix discovered through various functional analyses.

The differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into dopaminergic neurons is challenging. Here, the authors developed lineage-restricted undifferentiated stem cells, which have an enhanced ability for differentiating into dopaminergic neurons.

Neuromorphic computing currently requires specialized nanostructures to implement all neuro-biological functionality. Here, donor-acceptor Stenhouse adduct dyes are combined with III-V semiconductor nano-optoelectronics to create a system that mimics synaptic behavior all-optically for effective memory operations

The largest meta-analysis of GWASs of hepcidin and sTfR identified 43 genomic loci, of which 15 new. Mendelian randomisation revealed associations of systemic iron status and iron-related loci with selected health outcomes across multiple domains.

Kjerulff et al. evaluate 47 biomarkers, including markers of inflammation and vascular stress, and their associations with demographic and lifestyle factors in healthy participants from the Danish Blood Donor study. Circulating biomarker levels varied according to sex, age, BMI and smoking status.

Understanding grain morphology and kinetics of solid-phase crystallization is important for controlling the functional properties of polycrystalline materials. Here, in situ coherent X-ray diffraction imaging and transmission electron microscopy elucidate quantitatively the kinetics of a single-grain growth in Zr-doped In₂O₃ films.