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Topological boundary modes within charge-ordered states have not yet been observed experimentally. Now an in-gap boundary mode, stemming solely from the charge order, is visualized in the topological material Ta₂Se₈I.

Multi-omics profiling of the blood and heart of two human decedents receiving pig heart xenografts, including single-cell studies, reveals early immune responses and perioperative cardiac xenograft dysfunction in one of the two decedents, which may be due to mismatched heart size and/or insufficient immunosuppression.

An analysis of 140 floras from China reveals that high species diversity exists in granite and mixed landforms, while low species diversity is found in karst, Danxia, and desert landforms. Based on these findings, the authors provide new clues for understanding the assembly and differentiation of mountain floras, highlighting the role of bedrock and landform processes.

Wang et al. show that lipid-induced ROS lead to ACAT2 stabilization by oxidizing a cysteine residue, thereby preventing its ubiquitylation and ACAT2 degradation. They further show that ACAT2 stabilization improves lipotoxicity and insulin resistance.

STAARpipeline is a comprehensive framework for flexible and scalable rare-variant association analysis using whole-genome sequencing data and annotation information.

Transcriptomic analyses of acute phase whole blood from a large cohort of patients with COVID-19 identify molecular determinants of post-infection long-term sequelae.

The authors report a computational strategy to simulate the hydrolysis and ammonolysis of N₂O₅ in aerosols using high-level quantum chemical methods. The computational results reveal a complete picture of the reactive uptake of N₂O₅ by atmospheric aerosols with or without NH₃.

Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in over 7,000 individuals with critical COVID-19 are used to identify 16 independent variants that are associated with severe illness in COVID-19.

Analysis of whole-genome sequences of 25,465 individuals of European ancestry shows that rare variants contribute substantially to the heritability of height and body mass index.

Analysis of lower respiratory tract microbiome of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients rules out a role for secondary respiratory infections as drivers of increased mortality.

The goals, resources and design of the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) programme are described, and analyses of rare variants detected in the first 53,831 samples provide insights into mutational processes and recent human evolutionary history.

Two chiral enantiomers, R- and S-BBTI, are found to efficiently emit near-infrared circularly polarized phosphorescence with a large dissymmetry factor of 0.013 in dilute solutions.

Interstitial macrophages (IM) are a specialised population of macrophage cells in the lungs which regulate lung inflammation. Here using mouse models, the authors show that a CD39⁺CD9⁺ IM population reduce IL-23/Th17 driven neutrophilic inflammation through suppression of NETosis.

Strain engineering is promising for improving catalytic capability of biocatalysts, but it is challenging to modify the atomic-scale strain for specific enzyme-like reactions. Here, the authors report the biocatalysts with atomically-resolved Pt clusters laminated on PdAu nanocrystals and show that the tensile strains contribute to the enzyme-like activities greater than that of natural enzymes.

An injectable hydrogel for use as a scaffold to aid tissue repair is described, the material of which is conductive so that it can be used both for electrophysiological measurement and electrostimulation in closed-loop robot-assisted rehabilitation.

This study demonstrates an efficient method for capturing key regulators of target genes named CASPA–dCas9. With this method, the authors uncover the precise regulatory mechanism and key factors controlling SERRATE expression in Arabidopsis.

Gut microbiota has been reported to influence osteoporosis risk, but the individual species, and underlying mechanisms, remain largely unknown. Here, the authors identify Bacteroides vulgatus and serum valeric acid as potential targets for osteoporosis prevention/treatment.

Due to high rate of metastasis, lymphadenectomy is a cornerstone of the surgical treatment of gastric cancer however the accurate dissection of lymph nodes (LN) can be challenging. Here, the authors present the long-term outcomes of a randomised control trial investigating indocyanine green fluorescence image-guided LN retrieval in gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy.

Regulatory T cells, and to certain extent other T cell subsets, limit the immune response to avoid harmful inflammation and tissue damage. Here authors identify a surface molecule, Lrig1, that is directly responsible for the suppressive function in regulatory T cells and in Il-17-producing helper T cells.

Proton-linked monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) facilitate monocarboxylate efflux in glycolytically active cells and regulate transport down in glycolytically inactive cells. Here authors show a steep dependence of human MCT2 activity on substrate concentration and show the structural basis of cooperative transport.

Single-stranded RNA bacteriophages use a single maturation protein (Mat) to attach to a retractile pilus of the bacterial host. Here, the authors report the structures of the MS2 phage bound to the host receptor F-pili and define the orientations of Mat relative to the cell and emanating F-pili, providing new insights into the F-like type IV secretion systems.

Hydrogen can be used to reduce the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but its delivery to diseased tissues is challenging due to its low solubility. Here the authors develop a photosynthesis-inspired FRET nanocomplex to detect and scavenge local excess of ROS in the tissue using photocatalytic hydrogen production.

The emergence of superconductivity under pressure is reported in a chromium-based kagome metal, CsCr₃Sb₅, which has strong electron correlations, frustrated magnetism and characteristic flat bands close to the Fermi level.

A mixed-dimensional hot-emitter transistor based on mixed-dimensional graphene/germanium Schottky junctions uses stimulated emission of heated carriers, achieving an ultralow subthreshold swing and a high negative differential resistance.

Retrotransposons are known to be involved in aging. Here the authors show that the retrotransposon silencer Piwi contributes to germline stem cell loss during aging in Drosophila.

The fundamental thermodynamic principles of sulfur redox reactions in Li–S batteries are not fully understood. A ternary phase diagram is obtained after equilibrium between sulfur, lithium sulfide and dissolved polysulfides, which accurately describes the system evolution and predicts the behavior of Li–S batteries at an arbitrary given state.

In this work, the authors develop a platform called AGILE or AI Guided Ionizable Lipid Engineering, which streamlines ionizable lipid development. Using AGILE, they rapidly design, synthesize, and evaluate ionizable lipids for mRNA delivery.

Müller glia in mature mouse retina can be stimulated to produce rod cells; this treatment restores visual responses in a model of congenital blindness.

A study shows that clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential is associated with an increased risk of chronic liver disease specifically through the promotion of liver inflammation and injury.

The dynamic and temporal changes of host genome architecture during Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformation are not well known. Here the authors transform human primary B lymphocyte into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) with EBV and show that the host 3D genome is rewired to facilitate expression of key oncogenes.

Cancer cells can be dependent on mitochondrial respiration to survive. Here, in pancreatic cancer cells, the authors show that monounsaturated fatty acids-linked ether lipids maintain mitochondrial redox homeostasis and modulate sensitivity to inhibition to electron transport chain complex I.

Despite advances in ctDNA cancer detection, early detection remains difficult. Here, the authors utilise whole genome sequencing of 2,125 patient samples to create a model for early cancer and tissue of origin detection.

The effect of head positioning in acute stroke is controversial. Here, the authors report the results of a clinical trial suggesting that the procedure, initiated within 24 hours of onset, is safe and feasible, but does not improve functional outcome in acute moderate stroke patients with large artery atherosclerosis.

Observational analyses from the China Kadoorie Biobank found that alcohol consumption was associated with higher risks of 61 diseases in Chinese men, with most of these associations confirmed by genetic analyses.

This study presents a neuromorphic computing platform capable of learning cross-modal, event-driven signals for efficient real-time knowledge generalization. It also achieves zero-shot transfer learning for multimodal data.

Multiple alternating layers of two-dimensional materials and epilayers are grown on III–N and III–V substrates in a single growth run. Then, each epilayer is harvested by mechanical exfoliation, producing multiple freestanding membranes from a single wafer.

How the carbon stocks of the Arctic–Boreal Zone change with warming is not well understood. Here the authors show that wildfires and large regional differences in net carbon fluxes offset the overall increasing CO₂ uptake.

Enteroviruses are responsible for several human diseases without treatment. This study describes the molecular interactions between SETD3, actin, and viral 2A in viral replication, providing a framework for the development of host-targeted therapies against enteroviruses.

Reduced glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. Here, Pattaro et al. conduct a meta-analysis to discover several new loci associated with variation in eGFR and find that genes associated with eGFR loci often encode proteins potentially related to kidney development.