Bioactive proteins within hydrogel scaffolds used to culture cells can guide cellular activities, but the control of the location of the proteins has proved difficult. Using the multiphoton laser of a confocal microscope, simultaneous patterning of two growth factors, which remain bioactive after immobilization, is now shown in three-dimensional hydrogels. The technique should be applicable to the patterning of a variety of proteins.
- Ryan G. Wylie
- Shoeb Ahsan
- Molly S. Shoichet
