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The authors introduce and demonstrate experimentally a novel fundamental property of nonlinear multimode optical systems, named mode rejection. This paves the way towards a more general idea of all-optical mode control and its related applications.

Stereoselective carbon-carbon bond formation via palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation is important to access chiral natural products but commonly used catalyst systems often require high loadings or specific preactivation protocols. Here, the authors report several chiral single-component Pd(0) precatalysts that are active at low loadings for a variety of asymmetric allylic alkylation reactions.

The degree of warming following a doubling of atmospheric CO₂ concentration predicted in the low equilibrium climate sensitivity models can be underestimated due to their deficiencies in depicting seasonal low-cloud variations over the extra-tropics.

Taylor et al. show that tumor cells promote white adipose tissue (WAT) wasting and cachexia by overactivation of Notch1 signaling and retinoic acid production in distant WAT endothelium, which can be therapeutically targeted to inhibit wasting.

Using upgraded hardware of the multiuser Cold Atom Lab (CAL) aboard the International Space Station (ISS), Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) of two atomic isotopes are simultaneously created and used to demonstrate interspecies interactions and dual species atom interferometry in space.

Iron nitride (Fe₄N) is detected on magnetite particles within the Ryugu sample returned by Hayabusa2. It is probably the product of impacts of nitrogen-rich dust from the outer Solar System on the surface of Ryugu, indicative of a flux of N-rich dust in the inner Solar System.

The scope of and knowledge about the chemistry of nonmetal-adducts remains very limited. Here, the authors describe nonmetal adducts of the phosphorus center of terminal phosphinidene complexes using classical C- and N-ligands from metal coordination chemistry.

Acylhydrazones are often found in compounds across screening databases, and numerous bioactive acylhydrazones exist. This functional group can isomerize between E and Z in response to light or upon exposure to thiols. Now, E/Z isomerization is found to impact activities of bioactive acylhydrazones and should be routinely analysed.

CD8⁺ T cells reprogram their metabolism in response to the gut environment. Upon sensing of PGE₂, gut CD8⁺ T cells reduce their mitochondrial content, an event that ultimately shapes the pool of CD8⁺ T cells in the intestinal tissue.

Optical second-harmonic waves are generated from the electric quadrupole contribution in a centrosymmetric magnetic Weyl semimetal Co₃Sn₂S₂. Two magnetic orders and phase transitions are explored in temperature-dependent rotational anisotropy measurements by second-harmonic generation.

The authors find that deletion from Schwann cells of an E3 ubiquitin ligase component called Fbxw7 leads to a phenotype reminiscent of myelination in the central nervous system where a single oligodendrocyte ensheaths multiple axons.

A network of optical atomic clocks based on three different atomic species is reported and their frequency ratios are measured with uncertainties at or below 8 × 10⁻¹⁸.

Current outcomes are reported from the ongoing National Lung Matrix Trial, an umbrella trial for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer in which patients are triaged according to their tumour genotype and matched with targeted therapeutic agents.

The human chromosome locus 9p21.3 is a tumour suppressor hub which encodes three CDK inhibitors, p15INK4B, p14ARF and p16INK4A. Here, the authors show that p15INK4B inhibits the cell cycle and glycolysis in a murine model of HRas + ‐mediated urothelial carcinoma and has a more relevant role as a tumour suppressor than its neighbouring p16INK4A.

The mitochondria houses several phosphatases, but their function is not well characterized. Here, the authors show that mitochondrial phosphatase Pptc7 is important during development for proper mitochondrial function and has a role regulating protein import with the translocase subunit Timm50.

The understanding of the mechanisms underlying the ability of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) to form metastasis is incomplete. Here, by using high-resolution intravital imaging of the murine lung to track the fate of breast-derived DTCs, the authors show that macrophages within the primary tumor induce a pro-dissemination and pro-dormancy phenotype in tumor cells, favouring their extravasation in the lung.

In humans, stroke damage to V1 causes large visual field defects. Spared V1 activity prior to training predicts the amount of training-induced recovery in luminance detection sensitivity. Moreover, visual training changes population receptive field properties within residual V1 circuits.

The conversion of auditory and vestibular stimuli into electrical signals is initiated by force transmitted to a mechanotransduction channel through the tip link. Here authors show that a single tip-link bond is more mechanically stable relative to classic cadherins, and that the double stranded tip-link connection is stabilized by single strand rebinding facilitated by strong cis-dimerization domains.

The elimination of specific contaminants from high concentrations of competitors poses a significant challenge. Here the authors find that modifying the local environment of the direct contact site alters the interaction of a pyridinium-based anion nanotrap with pertechnetate.

Humankind is in a period of unprecedented cognitive sophistication as well as globalization. Here, using an evolutionary game theory model, the authors reveal ways in which the transition from local to global interaction can have both positive and potentially negative consequences for the prevalence of cognitive sophistication in the population.

In molecular junctions, where a molecule is placed between two electrodes, the current passed decays exponentially as a function of length. Here, Chen et al. show that this exponentially attenuation can be controlled by changing a single atom at the end of the molecular wire.

The Caucasus mountain range has impacted on the culture and genetics of the wider region. Here, the authors generate genome-wide SNP data for 45 Eneolithic and Bronze Age individuals across the Caucasus, and find distinct genetic clusters between mountain and steppe zones as well as occasional gene-flow.

Aldosterone-producing zona glomerulosa cells in the adrenal gland arrange into rosette structures known to be important for morphogenesis. Here the authors show that the cells in the rosettes produce coordinated calcium activity bursts in response to angiotensin II that correlate with aldosterone production level.

The Seshat database has made it possible to reveal large-scale patterns in human cultural evolution. Here, Shin et al. investigate transitions in social complexity and find alternating thresholds of polity size and information processing required for further sociopolitical development.

The [4Fe4S]²⁺ cluster-containing DNA-repair enzyme MUTYH helps safeguard the integrity of Watson–Crick base pairing and the human genetic code. The MUTYH [4Fe4S]²⁺ cluster mediates DNA redox signalling and DNA lesion identification. Now, a MUTYH pathologic variant associated with catastrophic [4Fe4S]²⁺ cluster redox degradation, impairment of DNA signalling and human colonic tumorigenesis has been identified.

Scientific progress relies on integrating and building on existing knowledge. Here, the authors propose improving cumulative science by developing data-driven ontologies, and they apply this approach to understanding the construct of self-regulation.

A crow-sized stem bird, Falcatakely forsterae, possesses a long and deep rostrum—a beak morphology that was previously unknown among Mesozoic birds and is similar to that of some crown-group birds, such as toucans.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs generated from pre-mRNAs of coding genes by the splicing machinery whose function in the heart is poorly understood. Here the authors show that AAV-mediated delivery of the circRNA circFndc3b prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis, enhances angiogenesis, and attenuates LV dysfunction post-MI in mice by regulating FUS-VEGF-A signalling.

The insertion of magnesium into protoporphyrin starts the biosynthesis of chlorophyll. X-ray crystallography, computational modelling, mutagenesis and enzymology combined probe the magnesium chelatase complex’s structure and catalytic function.

Control of macrophage activation in the lungs is essential for the prevention of tissue damage. MacDonald and colleagues show that alveolar macrophages have impaired glycolysis and are hyporesponsive during type 2 inflammation in a manner controlled by the lung environment.

In this Review, Narayan and colleagues discuss global disparities in access to digital health technologies, with a focus on cardiovascular medicine. The authors summarize the factors that affect access at various levels of society and present solutions that target each of these levels, culminating in a personalized framework to improve access to digital health technologies.

Focusing on two ill-characterized subtypes of medulloblastoma (group 3 and group 4), this study identifies prevalent genomic structural variants that are restricted to these two subtypes and independently bring together coding regions of GFI1 family proto-oncogenes with active enhancer elements, leading to their mutually exclusive oncogenic activation.

Microcavity polaritons can be used to create optical switches, which could serve as the basic component of optical logic circuits.

The population history of Europe is complex and its very north has not yet been comprehensively studied at a genetic level. Here, Mittnik et al. report genome-wide data from 38 ancient individuals from the Eastern Baltic, Russia and Scandinavia to analyse gene flow throughout the Mesolithic and Bronze Age.

In this Review, Paterson and colleagues describe how bioelectronic approaches involving site-specific targeting of the autonomic nervous circuit could be used to treat cardiovascular disease, and reflect on current bioelectronic modalities, their limitations and future ways to improve therapeutic efficiency.

The current FDA-approved whole blood stabilization method for circulating tumor cell (CTC) isolation suffers from RNA degradation. Here the authors combine hypothermic preservation and antiplatelet strategies to stabilize whole blood up to 72 h without compromising CTC yield and RNA integrity.

Experiments suggest that placing molecules in an infrared cavity alters their reactivity, an effect lacking a clear theoretical explanation. Here, the authors show that the key to understanding this process may lie in quantum light-matter interactions.

Aging is associated with a loss of blood stem cell fitness in part due to defects in stem cell-supportive niches. Here, the authors demonstrate that restoring niche function by treatment with Netrin-1 is able to rejuvenate aged blood stem cells.

A new multilevel clustering approach applied retrospectively to 13,000 transcriptomes of different tumors reveals a new diagnostic classification of childhood cancers, in some cases allowing a better prediction of disease outcomes.

The layer stacking order in 2D materials can be used to control functional properties. Here, the authors find a thickness effect, where thin flakes of MoTe₂ display stacking arrangements different from bulk crystals.

Bharathan et al. discover that the endoplasmic reticulum associates with keratin intermediate filaments and desmosomal cell–cell junctions, and that desmosomes and the keratin cytoskeleton regulate the distribution, dynamics and function of the endoplasmic reticulum network.

The corticostriatal dysfunction underlying Huntington’s disease remains incompletely understood. Here, the authors find increased intratelencephalic connectivity resulting from deficient cholinergic transmission in a mouse model of Huntington’s disease.

Exciton-polaritons are part-light part-matter states in semiconductors. Here the authors leverage momentum-resolved optical microscopy to image ballistic and diffusive propagation of exciton-polaritons on femtosecond scales.

Satellite imagery, vessel GPS data and deep-learning models are used to map industrial fishing vessel activities missing from public tracking systems and changes in offshore energy infrastructure in the world’s coastal waters during 2017–2021.