A heterogeneous palladium–silver alloy can catalyze selective methylation of aromatic amines under ambient pressure and without additives. Methylation of amines is used to manufacture chemicals used in fertilizers, fungicides, synthetic leathers and polymers. Formic acid, which is produced from biomass, is an environmentally friendly reagent for producing amines. They achieved complete conversion and high selectivities in the range 90–97% for methylation and dimethylation of various substituted aromatic amines only by formic acid as the source. The catalyst realized yields comparable to those of homogenous catalysts with acid additives for methylation with carbon dioxide and hydrogen under high pressure.
- Ajay K Singh
- Yoon-Ho Hwang
- Dong-Pyo Kim