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Kathiriya et al. identify a cardiac progenitor lineage with expression of Tbx5 and anterior heart field-specific expression of Mef2c that bisects the intraventricular septum during development and show that alterations in this lineage lead to congenital heart defects in mice.

Simulated heatwaves shifted carbon fluxes in estuarine flats, with stronger effects after longer heatwave durations. Findings reveal that degradation state will influence heatwave effects on carbon dynamics including changes in source/sink status.

As environments get more dry, plant species numbers drop, but the number of traits increase — plus, what the hottest temperatures for centuries mean for the Great Barrier Reef.

The treatment potential of psilocybin for postpartum depression was investigated in a preclinical mouse model. Here the authors show both acute and long-term effects of psilocybin in mothers and their offspring who were exposed via lactation.

Schooley et al. find that mitotically bookmarked loci drive a transient chromosome folding state during G1 entry that is subsequently modulated by factors inherited through the cytoplasm.

Targeting TGFBR1 in transplantable mouse colorectal tumor organoids improves response to anti-PD-L1 therapy. Mechanistically, TGF-β abrogates clonal expansion of T effector and memory phenotypes and indirectly inhibits T cell activity by regulating immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophage activity.

Activity in a set of parabranchial neurons in the mouse brain is increased during chronic pain, predicts coping behaviour, and can be modulated by circuits activated by survival threats.

A large-scale field intervention experiment on 23,377 US Facebook users during the 2020 presidential election shows that reducing exposure to content from like-minded social media sources has no measurable effect on political polarization or other political attitudes and beliefs.

GPSeq is a genome-wide method for probing the radial organization of the genome in cells or nuclei by progressive in situ digestion of chromatin with a restriction enzyme diffusing inward from the periphery followed by high-throughput sequencing.

Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA) is a neurodegenerative disorder driven by frataxin (FXN) deficiency. Here, the authors show that FXN loss in human microglia causes mitochondrial and lysosomal defects that trigger neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, rescued by gene editing.

Mass-wasting deposits that accumulated against mid-ocean ridge faults have high porosity in which calcium carbonate precipitated, storing seawater carbon dioxide, as revealed by cores of a 61-million-year-old seafloor talus deposit.

Mesocosm experiments revealed that both phytoplankton community composition and cellular acclimation influence marine particulate C:N:P ratios, with community shifts more sensitive to nitrogen supply and acclimation to the nutrient N:P supply ratio

Microbes structure biogeochemical cycles and food webs in the marine environment. Here, the authors sample coral reef-associated microbes across a 24-hour period, showing clear day–night patterns of microbial populations and thus calling for more studies to consider temporal variation in microbiomes at this scale.

A study describes the role of the anterior cingulate cortex in coding and regulating helping behaviour exhibited by mice towards others experiencing pain.

LONP1, whose expression is downregulated in islets from donors with type 2 diabetes, is vital to mediate efficient mitochondrial protein folding, thus preventing proteotoxicity and promoting islet β cell survival and function.

Gene expression programs underlying memory are not well understood in Drosophila. Here, authors use mushroom body-specific RNA sequencing to characterize the transcriptional trace of long-term memory and key TFs that may regulate it.

The 3CL protease of SARS-CoV-2 is inhibited by PF-00835231 in vitro. Here, the authors show that the prodrug PF-07304814 has broad spectrum activity, inhibiting SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in mice and its ADME and safety profile support clinical development.

Whether excessive light activated photo-protective compounds accumulation functions as sunscreen or participating in modulating photoreceptor responses in plants is still unclear. Here, the authors provide evidences to support the role of flavonoid pathway intermediates in integration of light signals into plant development.

Two new phosphorylation sites, p-tau₂₆₂ and p-tau₃₅₆, detect the formation of prefibrillar tau aggregates and may serve as early-stage biofluid-based biomarkers of tau neurofibrillary tangle pathology in Alzheimer’s disease.

Here the authors provide an explanation for 95% of examined predicted loss of function variants found in disease-associated haploinsufficient genes in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), underscoring the power of the presented analysis to minimize false assignments of disease risk.

New contractile units are required during cardiac hypertrophy, though it remains unclear precisely where and how these new sarcomeres are added. Here the authors reveal that in the heart, microtubules spatiotemporally regulate mRNAs and ribosomes to build new sarcomeres, a role which is essential for growth.

Food intake is determined by learned appetitive responses and physiological “appetition” signals after eating begins. Here, authors show melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-producing neurons integrate these processes to promote caloric intake.

It is unclear whether climate driven phenological shifts of tundra plants are consistent across the plant growing season. Here the authors analyse data from a network of field warming experiments in Arctic and alpine tundra, finding that warming differentially affects the timing and duration of reproductive and vegetative phenology.

Cell migration in confined environments is initiated by a cytoplasmic pool of anillin and Ect2 that promotes RhoA/myosin II-mediated activation at the poles of migrating cells, in a process dependent on the extracellular environment stiffness.

Social interactions and relationships are often associated with a rewarding experience. Hu et al. show that mice display positive reinforcement of social interaction, and they identify an amygdala-to-hypothalamus circuit in mediating this social reward.

Drugs that modify RNA splicing are promising treatments for many genetic diseases. Here the authors show that deep learning strategies can predict drug targets, strongly supporting the use of in silico approaches to expand the therapeutic potential of drugs that modulate RNA splicing.

High-elevation rivers in permafrost of the East Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are hotspots of methane emissions, according to measurements of methane fluxes in the region.

Here, the authors identify mechanistic differences in the dependence on co-transcription factors between orthologous TFs from two related yeast species, S. cerevisiae and C. glabrata. The investigation into intrinsically disordered regions sheds light on the role of autoinhibition in the reliance on co-TFs.

Integrating CO₂ capture and electrochemical conversion avoids the thermal release of CO₂ and thus could potentially lower the energy needed to make useful products from CO₂, but choosing optimal system components is still challenging. Here the authors use piperazine alongside a nickel catalyst for capture and achieve high energy efficiency and stable CO production.

Fentanyl continues to drive the opioid crisis by contributing to >70,000 deaths per year in the US. Here, the authors investigate a candidate medication for fentanyl overdose prevention (monoclonal antibody CSX-1004) demonstrating its mitigation of fentanyl’s effects in preclinical animal models.

There has been much interest recently in the transport mechanisms of metals from hydrothermal vents. Here the authors found that nanoparticulate pyrite is not removed from the plume and can account for over 50% of filtered iron one metre from the vent mouth.

Therapeutic options for non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases are limited. Here the authors design B7-H3 targeting CAR-T cells engineered to express the chemokine receptor CCR2b, and show improved accumulation in the brain and enhanced anti-tumor activity in preclinical models of lung cancer brain metastases.

Periaqueductal gray (PAG) inputs control hunting, but foraging-inducing PAG cells were unidentified. Here, authors show that in mice activity in the projection of vgat PAG cells to the zona incerta is sufficient and necessary for food-seeking.

Permafrost soils can be substantial sources of nitrous oxide (N₂O) to the atmosphere, but no data exist on the N₂O footprints of permafrost rivers. Here, the authors show that alpine permafrost rivers are unexpectedly small sources of atmospheric N₂O at present.

The restriction of dietary protein or amino acid intake is well established to extend lifespan in multiple species. Here, the authors show that the endocrine hormone FGF21 is necessary for dietary protein restriction to extend lifespan and improve metabolic health in aged, male mice.

Here the authors perform a trans expression quantitative trait locus meta-analysis study of over 3,700 people and link a USP18 variant to expression of 50 inflammation genes and lupus risk, highlighting how genetic regulation of immune responses drives autoimmune disease and informs new therapies.

Biomaterial function depends on biological, chemical and environmental factors during formation and subsequent use. Ocean acidification has been shown to affect secreted calcium carbonate, but effects on other biomaterials are less well known. Research now reveals that proteinaceous byssal threads—used to anchor mytilid mussels to hard substrates—exhibited reduced mechanical performance when secreted under elevated $p_{{\text{CO}}_2}$ conditions.

Pink salmon start life in fresh water before moving to the sea. This study shows that CO₂-induced acidification due to climate change detrimentally affects salmon physiology and behaviour in fresh water and shortly following seawater entry.

Wireless delivery of both light and pharmacological agents is important for optogenetic and other mechanistic experiments in the brain. Here the authors present a wireless real-time programmable optofluidic platform that enables optogenetics and photopharmacology experiments that require real-time precise control of light and drug delivery.

Adipogenesis associated Mth938 Domain Containing gene (AAMDC) is frequently amplified in the IntClus2 subgroup of ER + breast cancer. Here, the authors show that AAMDC drives tumourigenesis through activating PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway for metabolic reprogramming.

Iterative expansion microscopy enables the use of confocal microscopes to uncover nanostructures in expanded yet otherwise intact tissues at a resolution of about 20 nm, as shown with the imaging of periodic amyloid nanoclusters in brain tissue.

The authors created a multisite database to link microbial methane-cycling networks to CH₄ fluxes across diverse wetlands, revealing differences in microbial cross-feeding and methanogen dynamics that improve predictions of CH₄ flux.

Glucagon plays a key role in regulating blood glucose levels. Here, Liu et al. show that

activation of α-cell Gs signaling promotes the release of glucagon from pancreatic islets and ensures the synthesis of sufficient amounts of glucagon.

CRISPR-based microraft followed by guide RNA identification (CRaft-ID) combines microraft arrays, microscopy and CRISPR–Cas9 technology for high-content image-based phenotyping. CRaft-ID was used to identify proteins involved in stress granule formation.

The limited ability of cancer therapeutics in crossing the cancer cell membrane hampers their therapeutic potential. Here, the authors report Salmonella-based system for intracellular delivery of protein drugs, e.g. caspase-3, and show reduction of tumors in mouse models of breast and liver cancer.

Audio and visual stimulation at 40 Hz promote cerebrospinal and interstitial fluid flux in mouse brain and result in amyloid clearance via the glymphatic system in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.

Mapping the nature of multiprotein nanostructures in cellular contexts remains challenging. Here, Kang and Schroeder et al. report multiplexed expansion revealing, a technique which expands proteins away from each other, for nanoscale localisation and antibody visualisation of >20 proteins in the same specimen.

Paul George and colleagues developed a conductive polymer system to enable stem cell delivery and electrical modulation in vivo. Employing this system improved functional stroke recovery in rodents and identified important repair pathways.