There are adjacent TCF/LEF and SMAD consensus binding sites in cyclin D2 and Bmp4 promoters. TCF7, LEF1 and activated SMADs enhance while TCF7L2 inhibits cyclin D2 and Bmp4 expression. Wnt activation increases TCF7 and LEF1 to replace TCF7L2 in these promoters for transcriptional activation and thus promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation.