Search

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

The Tibetan Kobresia pastures store 2.5% of the world’s soil organic carbon. Here the authors show that soil degradation and microbial shifts may irreversibly diminish the carbon sink function and accelerate nutrient losses.

A dispersive sensing technique, termed the radiofrequency electron cascade, can perform singlet-triplet readout of two exchange-coupled electron spins in a natural silicon planar metal–oxide–semiconductor quantum-dot array.

Integration of mosquito and non-human primate surveillance and viral metagenomics reveals yellow fever virus outbreak dynamics at an urban–forest interface in Brazil.

Here the authors compare genetic testing strategies in rare movement disorders, improve diagnostic yield with genome analysis, and establish CD99L2 as an X-linked spastic ataxia gene, showing that CD99L2–CAPN1 signaling disruption likely drives neurodegeneration.

Czernilofsky et al. identified factors that reprogram stromal cells into an inflammatory, dysfunctional state, leading to the structural disorganization of lymph nodes in B cell lymphoma at single-cell and spatial resolutions.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

It remains unclear why some BRCA-deficient high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) do not respond to platinum-based therapy. Here, multi-omic analysis of BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient HGSC attributes co-occurring mutations, DNA repair deficiency and tumor microenvironment features to short survival in these patients.

The on-surface synthesis of π-conjugated covalent organic frameworks (COFs) enables the realization of designer quantum nanomaterials. Orbital-phase frustration within an aza-triangulene COF-based kagome lattice is reported to give rise to non-trivial flat bands.

T-cell–mediated rejection (TCMR) remains a major cause of kidney transplant failure with incompletely understood mechanisms. Here the authors use single-nucleus RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and immunofluorescence to show that injured kidney epithelial cell states associate with poor transplant outcomes after T-cell–mediated rejection.

This overview of the ENCODE project outlines the data accumulated so far, revealing that 80% of the human genome now has at least one biochemical function assigned to it; the newly identified functional elements should aid the interpretation of results of genome-wide association studies, as many correspond to sites of association with human disease.

Pathogenic variants in UNC13A underlie a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome, with three subtypes defined by distinct genotypes with varying clinical and functional impacts characterized in cellular and animal models.

Polariton interferometry reveals flat-band ultrastrong coupling between phonons and surface plasmon polaritons over a large wavevector range.

Despite a strong media presence and pledges from high-profile investors, the divestment movement has largely failed to mobilize financial markets in the war on carbon. Divestment 2.0 will require major tweaking to more effectively redirect the flow of capital and catalyse greater corporate climate action.

Tracking fast molecules in crowded organelles is error-prone, obscuring dynamic processes like Alzheimer’s secretase activity or secretory sorting. Here, authors present FidlTrack, a structure-aware method that boosts tracking fidelity and resolves ER-exit, nanobody binding, and BACE1-APP cleavage.

In this work, an exotic nuclear decay in one dimension is simulated using IonQ trapped-ion quantum computers. The coherent evolution of many decay channels is classically hard and quantum simulation of these processes may impact future searches for new physics.

Langstein-Skora, Schmid, Huth et al. propose that intrinsically disordered region functionality can be driven by the interplay between linear binding motifs and contextual chemical characteristics such as charge and hydrophobicity.

Reduced glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. Here, Pattaro et al. conduct a meta-analysis to discover several new loci associated with variation in eGFR and find that genes associated with eGFR loci often encode proteins potentially related to kidney development.

Disulfide bonds act as dynamic redox switches that modulate protein function. Here, the authors reveal a glycoside hydrolase in which reversible disulfide formation remodels the active site to control catalysis.

Ritter et al. present a spatial transcriptomics and deep learning-based approach named NePSTA (neuropathology spatial transcriptomic analysis) and leverage it to improve neuropathological diagnostics and enhance central nervous system tumor subtype classification.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

In this work, the authors show that the essential Mycoplasma pneumoniae protein P116 enables cholesterol acquisition from lipoproteins and various cell types. An antibody against its C-terminal domain inhibits lipid acquisition, growth, and plaque binding, linking M. pneumoniae to atherosclerotic lipid-rich tissue.

Androgen response elements (AREs) regulation produce opposite effects in normal and cancer prostate cells. Here, authors engineer a modifier of ARE-containing chromatin (MACC) to define the elements responsible for a normal growth-suppressive program, which can be reengaged in prostate cancer cells.

Here the authors show that endogenous or therapeutically delivered GDF-15 activates brainstem neurons that trigger splenic β-adrenergic signaling. This, in turn, suppresses autoreactive T cells and reduces neuroinflammation, identifying a possible target for multiple sclerosis treatment.

The superconductivity in Bernal bilayer graphene that emerges from the spin–orbit coupling induced by proximal tungsten diselenide can be tuned by modulating the twist angle between the two materials.

Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal cancer via its adhesin Fap2. Here, Schöpf et al. show the molecular basis for Fap2 interaction with its receptors TIGIT on immune cells and Gal-GalNAc on tumor cells using cryo-EM and integrative modeling.

Characterization of dipeptidase 1 as a receptor for porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus reveals the versatility of embecovirus receptor binding domains and receptor usage.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

DICER1 syndrome is associated with a predisposition to multiple tumor types. Here, the authors identify and characterize 3 molecular subgroups of mesenchymal tumors with DICER1 mutations.

The authors show that immunosuppression is highly conserved in the bacterial order Xanthomonadales. This feature, which preceded their specialization as host-adapted pathogens, probably contributes to their prominence as core members of the plant microbiota.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Confocal microscopy enables high-resolution, high-plex 3D cyclic immunofluorescence of 30- to 50-µm-thick tissue sections. The approach allows for rich phenotypic assessments of intact cells and intercellular interactions with subcellular resolution.

Inbreeding depression has been observed in many different species, but in humans a systematic analysis has been difficult so far. Here, analysing more than 1.3 million individuals, the authors show that a genomic inbreeding coefficient (FROH) is associated with disadvantageous outcomes in 32 out of 100 traits tested.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Application of a nanopore sequencing workflow for real-time analysis of brain tumors results in molecular classification within a 30-minute intraoperative window, followed by comprehensive profiling within 24 hours.

Sickle cell disease is a blood disorder that originates from a single point mutation in the HBB gene that codes for hemoglobin. Here, Moiani et al. developed an efficient TALEN-mediated HBB correction process that is compatible with gene therapy applications.

A Ni-Ga catalyst that reduces CO₂ to methanol at ambient pressure has been discovered through a descriptor-based computational analysis, and has been shown experimentally to be particularly active and selective. This represents a first step towards the development of small-scale low-pressure processes for CO₂ reduction to methanol from distributed hydrogen production.

Ubiquitylation of H2B is associated with transcription and regulation of chromatin structure. Here, the authors perform an unbiased screen to identify the role of chromatin modifications on ubiquitylation of H2BK120 and characterize the crosstalk between H2BK120ub and H2A modifications and variants.

Our understanding of how post-translational modification—protein phosphorylation—impacts the complexity of eukaryotic signalling pathways is continuously expanding. Now, protein oligophosphorylation has been characterized as an additional phosphorylation mode. Structural and mass spectrometry methods revealed that NME1 catalysed its own oligophosphorylation, leading to altered protein–protein interactions.

Being airborne is energetically costly for vertebrates, and migrating birds are expected to spend some resting time on the ground. Here Liechti et al. show that the Alpine swift (Tachymarptis melba) can stay airborne for more than 6 months, implying that this bird can sleep in flight.

Genetic variants at multiple loci of chr5p15.33 have been associated with susceptibility to numerous cancers. Here the authors show that the association of one of these loci may be explained by a variant, rs36115365, influencing telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression via ZNF148.

Authors used nanopore-based ITS2 sequencing analysis to map the global distribution of human-infecting Trichuris spp. They reveal a wide presence of T. incognita, its zoonotic potential, and provide insights for better control of infections.

Analyses of ancient human DNA show that cultural and political transformations in Central Europe during the second half of the first millennium ce were associated with movements of Slavic populations into Germany, Poland and Croatia.

The molecular mechanisms underlying androgen production in prostate cancer remain to be explored. Here, the authors reveal an epigenetic mark, K130Ac on H2A, following dual-phosphorylation on SREBP1 promoting de novo androgen synthesis to overcome the pharmacological inhibition of androgen synthesis.

Scanning tunnelling microscopy is enhanced by microwave radiation that allows photon-assisted tunnelling processes. This technique is demonstrated on impurity states in a superconductor.