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Nonlinear soliton pumping has recently been observed and understood as the flow of instantaneous Wannier functions. Here, authors find an anomalous nonlinear soliton pump that differs from the linear Chern numbers, arising from soliton transitions between Wannier functions via intersite solitons.

Ultrabroadband rectification (19 MHz to 2.88 THz) and frequency mixing (0.1–40 GHz) are demonstrated in TaIrTe4 devices without any electrical bias or magnetic field, enabled by the nonlinear Hall effect at room temperature.

Quantum transport through a single molecule is governed by the formation of short-lived excited states, yet probing these processes remains challenging. Zhang et al. track the dynamics of multiple excited states in a single-molecule radical transistor using nanosecond differential conductance spectroscopy.

Calcium metal batteries are limited by low reversibility and slow interfacial kinetics. Here, authors design an eccentric solvation structure by introducing monovalent cations and strongly coordinating organoborate anion, which enables fast desolvation and reversible calcium deposition.

When magnetic impurities are present in a metal, conduction electrons form a spin cloud, also termed a Kondo cloud. Here, the authors provide evidence of Kondo clouds and their coupling in devices made up of mirror-symmetric carbon nanotube arrays separated with a molybdenum strip.

Self-healing materials typically suffer from poor mechanical properties due to the inherent trade-off between mechanical robustness and self-healing capability. Here the authors report a composite featuring an aligned array of hydroxyapatite nanowires interwoven with dynamic borate bond networks by a bidirectional freeze-drying method.

Oxidative stress and dsRNA are key drivers of skin inflammation, while therapies targeting oxidative stress are common, dsRNA targeting is not. Here, the authors report on a cerium-doped polyoxometalate with anti-oxidative and dsRNA binding properties showing potential for a transdermal strategy to reduce skin inflammation.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated gastric cancer shows uncertain immunochemotherapy benefits. This phase II clinical trial reports efficacy and safety outcomes of neoadjuvant toripalimab plus CapeOX chemotherapy regimen in locally advanced EBV-associated gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer.

A programmable photonic quantum processor, Jiuzhang 4.0, incorporates 1,024 high-efficiency squeezed states into a hybrid spatial–temporal encoded 8,176-mode circuit.

This study reports real-space, layer-resolved magnetic imaging of the van der Waals antiferromagnet (Fe,Co)₃GaTe₂ using SPLEEM, revealing A-type interlayer coupling, intrinsic chiral spin textures and enabling controlled writing of antiferromagnetic skyrmions.

Ningxia was located at a crossroads between the Eurasian Steppe and East Asia. Here, the authors sequence 89 ancient individuals to reconstructs 4,000 years of genetic history in this region.

RNA-binding proteins recognize RNA structures that vary across cell types and genetic variation. Here, the authors present BRIDGE, a model predicting RNA-protein interactions across contexts and explaining variant effects genome-wide.

Liquid crystal elastomers are promising for actuators in soft robotics, but 3Dprinting methods often restrict responsive properties. Here the authors design by tuning the printing angle, affording a coiled fiber, for programmable actuation.

Peters anomaly type II arises from failed lens vesicle separation. Here, the authors show that ABL kinases counterbalance FGF–RAS signaling via a PTPN12–p130CAS pathway to regulate cytoskeletal tension, ensuring proper lens detachment during development.

The authors revealed that defective sulfation of a cholesterol-derived metabolite drives harmful lipid buildup in cartilage cells, while the sulfated form protects against osteoarthritis.

SUCCEED is a supervised multi-task DNA foundation model pretrained on 6,389 ENCODE tracks. It integrates CNN and Transformer architectures to model local motifs and long-range dependencies, enabling prediction of genomic regulatory features across tasks and cell types.

Direct ethylene epoxidation with water is green but limited by poor ethylene capture and unstable intermediates. Here, the authors report a strained CuO–Ag heterojunction that enhances ethylene adsorption and stabilizes oxygen species via charge oscillations, enabling efficient epoxidation.

The authors report associations of social isolations and loneliness with neurological disorders, psychiatric disorders, brain structures and behavioral phenotypes among UK Biobank participants.

Uncovering the genetic mechanisms that determine seed weight is vital for improving soybean cultivars. Here, the authors identify a bZIP transcription factor, a GSK3-like gene family member, and a MFT ortholog, along with their potential interactions, as key regulators of soybean seed weight.

Global analysis of obesity trends from 1980 to 2024 in 200 countries and territories using data from 4,050 population-based studies reveals that framing obesity as a single global epidemic masks the highly varied dynamics across countries and age groups.

Early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through Epstein–Barr virus serology is hindered by a low positive predictive value. Here this group introduces a hierarchical dynamic model for stratification refinement within serologically defined risk individuals thereby yielding cost savings for current serological screening strategy.

Guan et al. report a molecular regulator to control crystallization kinetics in Sn-based perovskite, resulting in elongated island-like grain structure that regulates charge injection and recombination, enabling NIR-II LEDs with efficiency of 10.7%, peak radiance of 173 W sr-1 m-2, and operational lifetime of 1,378 min.

Researchers develop a swellable polymer platform that immobilizes photocatalysts into flexible films and enables three-dimensional stacking architectures, boosting solar-driven hydrogen production and increasing energy output per unit area.

The authors develop a polyvinylidene fluoride and mica bimorph to enhance pyroelectric response. The secondary pyroelectric contribution employs interfacial thermal stress to improve the pyroelectric performance for flexible electronics.

The authors conducted two trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NH600001, an etomidate derivative, in gastrointestinal endoscopy. The results showed NH600001 has a sedative effect while reducing the risk of adrenocortical depression.

Oral leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion that can transform into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Here, the authors discover that OSCC migrasome-derived PTGES promotes oral leukoplakia carcinogenesis through macrophages reprogramming.

By developing frequency locking and time synchronization between independent ultrastable lasers and atomic clocks, twin-field quantum key distribution is demonstrated over 14.2-km turbulent free-space channels, with a secure key rate exceeding the repeaterless capacity bound.

Overcoming parasitic reactions between the electrolyte and electrodes is essential for realizing energy-dense lithium metal batteries. Here, the authors develop an oxygen distal fluorinated diluent that promotes a diluent- and anion-rich solvation structure, forming a stable inorganic-rich interphase and stable cycling in pouch cells at 500 Wh kg^–1 level.

The authors introduce HyperRAG, a hypergraph-based retrieval method that captures higher-order relationships in domain knowledge to reduce hallucinations in large language models, improving accuracy and robustness across multiple datasets and medical tasks.

pUniFind is a large-scale deep learning model for proteomics that unifies peptide–spectrum scoring and open de novo sequencing. Trained on over 100 million spectra, it substantially improves peptide identification and modification discovery.

The bacterial type-IV Thoeris system produces, in response to phage infection, a signal molecule that triggers protein degradation and stops viral replication. Here, the authors identify a phage protein that sequesters the signal, thus blocking the antiviral response.

Li et al. report a molecularly tailored strategy to fabricate durable, transparent anti-triboelectric coating by chemically crosslinking electron-donating and electron-withdrawing components.

All-inorganic perovskite solar cells promise strong stability but still suffer from moisture-driven surface damage and limited efficiency. Zhang et al. form a one-dimensional/three-dimensional interface using a tailored salt to stabilize the material and boost performance.

Researchers developed ultralow-density rigid-network hydrogels for stable solar desalination under intense sunlight. They reach an evaporation rate of 25.57 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ at 10 suns and deliver water production of 138 L m⁻² day⁻¹ in low-cost modules.

Researchers introduce 4Pi-BRAINSPOT, an interferometric single-molecule imaging method enabling sub-15-nm 3D imaging of protein distributions in 50-μm mouse brain slices, revealing nanoscale dendritic spine organization and morphology.

Cell-type-specific 3D genome maps are hard to generate experimentally. Here, the authors develop Hi-Compass, a deep-learning framework that predicts chromatin interactions from accessibility data across variable sequencing depths, recovering chromatin loops and linking disease variants to target genes.

Capturing RNA-protein interactions is vital for understanding cellular regulation but remains technically challenging. Here, the authors develop CuCLIP-seq, a sensitive, chemical-crosslinking method that accurately identifies diverse RNA substrates, including low-abundance targets.

Photonic AI chips can process information at high speed, but current designs are constrained by planar layouts. Here, authors demonstrate a programmable 3D photonic neural network chip that directly processes 2D images and achieves 93% accuracy on MNIST classification.

Hybrid neural networks often underperform compared to conventional neural networks because of their low array utilization. Lu et al. propose a programmable spiking architecture that leverages photonic reconfigurable devices to integrate synaptic and neuronal functions without compromising performance.

Different challenges in safety, lifespan and temperature adaptability with synergistic interfacial compatibility hinder the development of sodium batteries. Here, this work presents a dipolar interaction-mediated molecular anchoring electrolyte to construct robust interphases for durable wide-temperature (−60 ~ 70 °C) sodium batteries.

Electronic chirality is a fascinating but still poorly understood phenomenon. Here, the authors show that CuPc molecules on bilayer graphene exhibit electronic chirality driven by twisted π–π interactions, which can be reversibly switched using an STM tip.

The manuscript describes two pathogenic mutations in GTPBP3 that cause defects in mitochondrial tRNA taurine modification, mitochondrial translation, structure and function. Mutant mice reproduce certain clinical features seen in patients and this can be reversed by virus-mediated exogenous expression of Gtpbp3.

The Hippo pathway relies on TEAD transcription factors, but how TEAD4 dynamically engages DNA was unclear. Here, the authors show that TEAD4 multimerisation stabilizes DNA binding and YAP recruitment, with VGLL4 modulating this process in a stoichiometry‑dependent manner.

Planetary science is a rapidly growing research field in China. In March 2025, many hundreds of early-career planetary scientists gathered in Huangshan, China, to exchange the latest findings on this topic.

AviTag-seq repurposes AAV ITRs to simultaneously profile off-target edits (including prime/base editor events) and AAV integration sites in vivo, providing a unified, high-sensitivity safety assessment for gene therapies.

Emerging evidence suggests that organs age at different rates. This study identifies a mechanism by which the naturally hypoxic intervertebral disc ages relatively slowly, via selective autophagy of HIF-1α, and designs a small molecule to export this mechanism across tissues.