Search

Direct roles of tRNA halves in aging are unclear. Here, the authors identify DIS-3/DIS3 as a conserved ribonuclease that generates tRNA halves, which delay aging and senescence by binding ribosome and reducing protein synthesis in Caenorhabditis elegans and cultured human cells.

This study reveals that the gut bacterium Phocaeicola dorei reduces liver fibrosis by regulating immune cell clearance of neutrophils.

Bayesian fMRI mega-analysis reveals structured insular topography, with domain-selective zones with distinct neurobiological properties for pain, appetitive, aversive, and cognitive control processing progressively converging in dorsal anterior insula, providing a potential neural basis for unified subjective experiences.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

The authors from the ALICE collaboration identify multiple species of mesons and baryons and measure the anisotropic flow with non-flow removal techniques in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC, identifying the hallmark of quark flow associated with an expanding quark-gluon plasma.

Embedding non-porous MXene film into metal thin films can achieve unprecedented shielding performance, which can be used to protect electronic components and equipment from electromagnetic noise.

It remains unclear why some BRCA-deficient high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) do not respond to platinum-based therapy. Here, multi-omic analysis of BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient HGSC attributes co-occurring mutations, DNA repair deficiency and tumor microenvironment features to short survival in these patients.

Aging impairs muscle and bone health, and exercise is known to mitigate this decline, partly through secreted factors. Here, the authors show that the muscle-derived factor CLCF1, which declines with age but is restored by exercise, mediates musculoskeletal benefits in aged mice.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Cell plasticity, changes in cell fate, is involved in tissue regeneration. Here, Kim et al. show that PCLAF-DREAM-driven alveolar cell plasticity is crucial for lung regeneration and targetable as a preventative strategy for lung fibrosis.

Whole-genome and transcriptome analysis of 1,364 cases of breast cancer from South Korea broadens our understanding of breast cancer biology and reveals genomic features that connect tumour biology with treatment responses and clinical outcomes.

Plasmodium sporozoites must invade mosquito salivary glands to facilitate malaria transmission, yet the effects of this invasion are not well understood. Here, the authors use high-resolution proteomics and show that malaria parasite invasion damages mosquito salivary glands, alters saliva protein composition, and attracts immune cells, potentially increasing parasite transmission.

A MicroLED lighting panel, assembled in 60 s by a surface-tension-driven fluidic self-assembly technique, gave a yield as high as 99.90% through the addition of a small amount of poloxamer to the assembly solution.

Researchers are finding ways to improve one of neuroscientists’ favourite tools: functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Vascular calcification (VC) increases morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Here, Kwon et al.show that calcification stimuli induce MDM2- mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of HDAC1, suggesting a possible therapeutic strategy for treatment of VC patients.

Doil Choi and colleagues report the genome sequence of the hot pepper, Capsicum annuum, as well as the resequencing of two cultivated peppers and a wild species, Capsicum chinense. Comparative genomic analysis across Solanaceae provides insights into genome expansion, pungency, ripening and disease resistance in hot peppers.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Unassisted water splitting by tandem photoelectrochemical and photovoltaic devices requires optimization of the absorbance and transmittance properties of the front photoelectrode. Here, Shi et al. use a conductive distributed Brag reflector to harvest photons of different wavelengths in the two subcells.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is aggressive with limited therapeutic options. Here, authors find that loss of CRACD induces neuroendocrine plasticity and immune evasion and suggest manipulating the CRACD-EZH2-MHC-I axis as a potential therapeutic strategy for SCLC.

The fate of sinking particulate organic matter in the world ocean is a key source of uncertainty in the global carbon cycle. Model simulations suggest that atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations depend critically on the depths that these particles typically reach.

The ALICE Collaboration provides details on the microscopic mechanism that ends up creating antideuteron in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Repeat vaccination with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has been shown to increase breadth of the antibody response. Here the authors demonstrate that B cell clones induced by the ancestral COVID-19 vaccine develop into daughter clones with different reactivity to individual SARS-CoV-2 variants through the accumulation of somatic hypermutations.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Adipose CoA handling is critical for lipid metabolism and homeostasis. Here, the authors identify TMEM120A as an ER-resident CoA binding protein enriched in adipocytes that promotes fatty acid recycling to support energy metabolism and limit lipotoxic stress, while its loss leads to adipose inflammation and metabolic dysfunction under high-fat diet conditions.

Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) have been linked to brain alterations, but association with cognitive problems are not well understood. Here, the authors analyze blood proteins and brain MRI data one year after mild COVID-19, revealing distinct neurodegenerative processes in PASC patients with cognitive problems, such as cortical thinning, brain iron deposition, enlarged choroid plexus, and increased blood neuronal/glial injury markers, compared to other-PASC.

Despite its importance for non-volatile memory, the origin of resistive switching in a metal insulator-metal structure is unclear. Park et al.fabricate such a structure inside a transmission electron microscope to show that switching occurs via oxygen-vacancy migration, which changes the conduction channels.

Microbiome-secreted proteins act as key modulators of host-microbiome crosstalk. Here, the authors show that Amuc_1409 protein, secreted from Akkermansia muciniphila, plays a key role in intestinal homeostasis by regulating intestinal stem cells through interaction with E-cadherin, indicating its potential as a biomolecule for improving gut health.

Different types of metabolic rewiring are reported to drive cancer development and as a potential therapeutic target. Here, the authors perform multi-omics analyses in a cohort of human normal and malignant thyroid samples and show association of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism with undifferentiated thyroid cancer.

Progesterone (P₄) signalling is involved in physiological control of the endometrium and contributes to the pathogenesis of endometrial diseases such as endometriosis. Here the authors report that CFP1, a regulator of histone methylation, controls endometrial responses to P₄ and lack of endometrial CFP1 leads to failure of embryo implantation and exacerbated experimental endometriosis in mice.

The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser (PAL-XFEL) in South Korea has now entered operation with a timing jitter of just 20 fs.

Therapies and vaccines for COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic, are urgently needed. Here the authors establish and screen an antibody library from a convalescent COVID-19 patient to isolate a neutralizing antibody with the ability to reduce viral titer and alleviate symptoms in ferret, hamster, and rhesus monkey infection models.