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Results from a high-resolution ocean-bottom seismometer experiment at the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel Ridge show unexpected highly variable crustal thickness and a relatively large average value, which can be explained by an active mantle upwelling model.

Copper catalyses electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to valuable multicarbon products, but its selectivity depends on the local microenvironment near the catalyst surface. Here, the authors explore and optimize this environment to improve performance using bilayer ionomer coatings to control the local pH and CO₂/H₂O ratio.

Neuromorphic software and hardware solutions vary widely, challenging interoperability and reproducibility. Here, authors establish a representation for neuromorphic computations in continuous time and demonstrate support across 11 platforms.

Phenotypic variation and diseases are influenced by factors such as genetic variants and gene expression. Here, Barbeira et al. develop S-PrediXcan to compute PrediXcan results using summary data, and investigate the effects of gene expression variation on human phenotypes in 44 GTEx tissues and >100 phenotypes.

Metabolic liver disease is highly prevalent in subjects with obesity and involves inflammation, insulin resistance, and fibrosis, leading to cirrhosis. Here, the authors show the IFNγ-IL12 axis in regulating intercellular crosstalk in the liver and playing a major role in the pathogenesis of metabolic liver disease.

A 3-year study of 73 deciduous understory species from the Eastern USA shows that non-native species retain leaf function 4 weeks longer into autumn than natives, which may be shifting seasonal patterns of forest carbon and nutrient dynamics.

Transition metal fluorides have high theoretical specific capacities as cathodes for lithium ion batteries, but low working potentials and poor energy efficiency limit their practical applications. Here, the authors report a group of ternary metal fluorides, which may overcome these problems.

Our knowledge of life in the Carboniferous Period is largely restricted to low-lying wetlands dated to 315–310 million years ago. Here, the authors present an older Lagerstätte on an alluvial fan 320–318 million years ago, preserving a diverse ecosystem of vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, and plant-insect interactions.

Combinatorial experimental and bioinformatics methods can be used to analyse function and specificity of CD8 T cells. Here the authors propose a multiomic analysis framework Antigen-TCR Pairing and Multiomic Analysis of T cell (APMAT) to relate TCR specificity to transcriptomic phenotype indicating associations with physicochemical features.

A rare case of asymptomatic dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s reveals confined tau pathology and unique proteomic features, highlighting potential resilience mechanisms decades beyond expected onset.

Cortex morphology varies with age, cognitive function, and in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Here the authors report 160 genome-wide significant associations with thickness, surface area and volume of the total cortex and 34 cortical regions from a GWAS meta-analysis in 22,824 adults.

A dataset of the genomes of 363 species from the Bird 10,000 Genomes Project shows increased power to detect shared and lineage-specific variation, demonstrating the importance of phylogenetically diverse taxon sampling in whole-genome sequencing.

The separation of metals from electronic waste is an enduring technological and societal challenge, and new metal extraction, refining and recycling solutions are needed. Here the authors report a recyclable and tuneable chemical reagent that separates valuable metals such as gold by direct and selective precipitation from various acidic, mixed-metal solutions of relevance to extraction and recycling industries.

Federated learning, a method for training artificial intelligence algorithms that protects data privacy, was used to predict future oxygen requirements of symptomatic patients with COVID-19 using data from 20 different institutes across the globe.

The generation and maintenance of peri-implant fibrotic tissue requires skeletal cells expressing the leptin receptor and can be prevented and reversed via the functional inhibition of these cells.

The most recent class of base editors utilize DddAtox, a deaminase domain that can act upon double-stranded DNA. Here the authors target DddAtox fragments and a FokI-based nickase to the human CIITA gene by fusing these domains to arrays of engineered zinc fingers; they also identify a variety of DddAtox orthologues.

The ability of T cells to migrate is a central component of their functionality and is known to require WNK1 kinase that is linked to the influx of ions into the cell. Here the authors show that T cell migration requires WNK1 mediated ion and water influx to swell the membrane of the leading edge and support actin polymerisation and forward motility.

In chickens, influenza A virus relies on host protein ANP32A. Here the authors use CRISPR/Cas9 to generate homozygous gene edited chickens containing two ANP32A amino acid substitutions that prevent viral polymerase interaction.

A correlated material SrVO₃ has been considered to be a Fermi liquid, however previous studies have been limited to disordered samples. Here the authors study transport in ultraclean films of SrVO₃, finding deviations from the Fermi liquid picture.

A study generates a clinicogenomics dataset resource, MSK-CHORD, that combines natural language processing-derived clinical annotations with patient medical data from various sources to improve models of cancer outcome.

Paediatric therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (tMN) have a dismal prognosis and have not been comprehensively profiled. Here the authors characterise the molecular landscape of 84 paediatric tMN patients, and find that, unlike adult tMNs, these do not emerge from pre-existing clones and that MECOM dysregulation is frequent.

PWWP2A is a chromatin-binding transcriptional regulator that mediates mitosis-progression. Here, the authors provide evidence that PWWP2A directly interacts with H2A.Z nucleosomes, DNA and H3K36me3, binds to an MTA1-specific subcomplex of the NuRD complex (M1HR) and promotes changes to histone acetylation.

Genomic integration of an adeno-associated virus vector in a mouse model of Angelman syndrome unsilences paternal Ube3a and rescues anatomical and behavioural phenotypes, suggesting a pathway towards the treatment of this neurodevelopmental disorder.

Notch1 is frequently activated promoting T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL). Here, the authors show that Notch1 induces oxidative phosphorylation dependency in T-ALL and synergism when inhibiting both mitochondrial complex I and glutaminolysis in preclinical murine and human xenograft models.

Yin et al. harmonized 1,091 fMRI scans across five imaging cohorts to map developmental trajectories of brain functional connectivity in early childhood, revealing early brain development and its links to cognitive abilities.

Wide use of graphene nanosheets has raised concerns about the potential for environmental toxicity. Here, the authors explore the use of humic acid, traditionally considered to reduce graphene nanosheet toxicity, and show the coating has increased toxicity to model bacteria.

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) contributes to the post-transcriptional regulation of most human genes, yet the effects of APA are largely overlooked by conventional transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS). Here, the authors conduct an APA-TWAS for 11 brain disorders, identifying hundreds of APA-linked disease susceptibility genes.

Foliar application of different forms of nanoscale copper to plant seedlings induces material-specific biochemical and molecular changes in root tissue that stimulate plant defence against soybean sudden death syndrome.

Large genome-wide meta-analysis of clinically diagnosed late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) from 94,437 individuals identifies new LOAD risk loci and implicates Aβ formation, tau protein binding, immune response and lipid metabolism.

GIANT, a genetically informed brain atlas, integrates genetic heritability with neuroanatomy. It shows strong neuroanatomical validity and surpasses traditional atlases in discovery power for brain imaging genomics.

The authors show that rare genetic variants contribute to large gene expression changes across diverse human tissues and provide an integrative method for interpretation of rare variants in individual genomes.

Neurodevelopmental disorders normally arise from intrinsic brain abnormality. Here the authors show that a motor-learning deficit in 22q11 deletion syndrome may arise from improper development of the skull structure housing a part of the cerebellum.

A systems-based approach to profile glucocorticoid (GC) receptor ligands in a broad range of assays representing different phenotypic responses linked these to transcriptional profiles and led to separation of GC therapeutic effects from side effects.

Selective neurodegeneration is a critical causal factor in Alzheimer’s disease. Zalocusky et al. demonstrate a causal chain linking neuronal ApoE expression to MHC-I expression and, subsequently, to tau pathology and selective neurodegeneration.

A dataset of coding variation, derived from exome sequencing of nearly one million individuals from a range of ancestries, provides insight into rare variants and could accelerate the discovery of disease-associated genes and advance precision medicine efforts.

The availability of labelled training data is one of the practical obstacles towards wide application of machine learning models in medicine. Here the authors develop a weakly supervised deep learning model for the classification of aortic malformations using unlabelled cardiac MRI sequences from the UK biobank.

Light-activated trapping is used in a mechanism-based assay to capture and identify substrates of protein hydrolases.

Focal gene amplification is a common feature of advanced and metastatic cancers. Here, the authors employ CRISPR-Cas9 nickase to target cancer-associated focal gene amplifications to selectively kill cancer cells through the production of DNA replication-associated double-strand breaks.

A second hit to Brca1 in heterozygous mice leads to accelerated tumor development compared to wild-type mice in which both alleles are simultaneously deleted. This is because of an epigenetic state associated with Brca1 haploinsufficiency that impacts AP-1 and Wnt10a.

Big data is crucial for machine learning, but the redundancies in the datasets are rarely studied. Here the authors reveal significant redundancy in large materials datasets, showing that up to 95% of data can be removed without impacting prediction accuracy.

A lightweight three-photon miniature microscope allows imaging neuronal activity throughout the cortex in freely moving mice.

The mechanisms underlying the activity of non-receptor tyrosine kinase, TNK1, in cancers are unclear. Here the authors show that MARK mediates 14-3-3 and TNK1 interaction which restrains TNK1 activity, while the release of TNK1 from 14-3-3 leads to TNK1 activation through its interaction with ubiquitin and thus results in TNK1-mediated tumor growth in vivo