Yin, Zhang, Qiu et al. profile genome‑wide DNA methylation in PBMCs and combine validated methylation features with routine blood biomarkers to build machine learning models for pulmonary nodule classification. The models accurately distinguish benign from malignant nodules and minimally invasive from early invasive adenocarcinoma, supporting PBMC methylation signatures as practical, non‑invasive tools to inform surgical decision‑making.
- Haofan Yin
- Ningfang Zhang
- Xiaopeng Yuan
