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A quantitative framework for atomic electron tomography enables reliable determination of three-dimensional (3D) atomic coordinates and elemental identities in amorphous materials.

Most schemes for three-dimensional (3D) structure determination of an object require multiple measurements over various orientations, or a means of scanning it section by section. A 3D imaging modality, termed ankylography, is now presented that under certain circumstances enables complete 3D structure determination from a single diffraction measurement. This approach could find broad applications in the physical and life sciences.

Short X-ray pulses from free-electron lasers enable coherent diffractive imaging of noncrystalline objects such as single molecules. Here, the authors reconstructing full image information from a single-shot diffraction pattern by using two sufficiently separated objects to act as references for each other.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.

The three-dimensional coordinates of more than 23,000 atoms in an iron-platinum nanoparticle are determined with 22 picometre precision to correlate chemical order/disorder and crystal defects with magnetic properties.

Laser-matter interaction has been intensively studied in equilibrium states, but irreversible processes in a highly nonequilibrium state at nanoscales remains elusive due to experimental challenges. Here, Ihm et al. image heterogeneous melting of gold nanoparticles with nanometer and picosecond resolution.

Thrombosis and inflammation coexist in many diseases, however, there is lack of treatments targeting both pathologies. This study reports a novel antibody against blood factor XII, which bears a promise to treat broad thrombo-inflammatory disorder.

Pt-based catalysts are the state of the art for the oxygen reduction reaction. Now the three-dimensional local atomic structure of PtNi and Mo-doped PtNi nanoparticles is revealed via atomic electron tomography, and a local environment descriptor of catalytic activity is put forwards.

A super-fast, lensless microscope has been developed that works by decoding the diffraction patterns of bright, laser-like flashes of X-rays. This advance should enable ultrafast events at the nanoscale to be recorded.

Atomic electron tomography is used to determine the 3D atomic positions and chemical species of medium- and high-entropy alloy nanoparticles and quantitatively characterize the local lattice distortion, strain tensor, twin boundaries, dislocation cores and chemical short-range order.

Crystallographer who pioneered methods of X-ray imaging and modern computing.

Three-dimensional imaging is typically complex and time consuming. Here, the authors report the use of X-ray free-electron laser pulses for single-shot three-dimensional imaging of nanocrystals at ~5.5 nm resolution, using the symmetry in the nanocrystal and the curvature of the Ewald sphere.

An in situ X-ray nanodiffraction technique allows for the real-time study of the photoinduced chemical reaction to produce Ag from AgBr, and can spatially resolve structural changes at the submicrometre scale with a time resolution of 5 ms.

An electron tomography method is demonstrated that can determine the three-dimensional structure of a gold nanoparticle at 2.4 Å resolution, including the locations of some of the individual atoms within the sample.

Atomic electron tomography is used to determine the three-dimensional atomic structure of monatomic amorphous solids with liquid-like structure, which is characterized by the existence of pentagonal bipyramid networks with medium-range order.

A method that achieves atomic-resolution tomographic imaging of an amorphous solid enables detailed quantitative characterization of the short- and medium-range order of the three-dimensional atomic arrangement.

Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) allows for high resolution imaging without lenses. Here, Lo et al. develop in situ CDI with real-time imaging and a corresponding low-dose requirement, with expected applications in the physical and life sciences.

Lorentz electron ptychography, a coherent diffractive imaging method, unveils magnetization singularities in a skyrmion lattice in FeGe and captures subtle internal structures near the skyrmion cores, boundaries, and dislocations.

Scanning atomic electron tomography is demonstrated to determine the 3D atomic positions and defects of Re-doped MoS₂ monolayers and other 2D materials, providing picometre precision atomic coordinates that can be used as direct input to DFT to reveal more accurate electronic band structures of these systems.

The optical and electronic properties of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides are strongly dependent on native defects within their crystal lattice. Here, the authors use transient spectroscopy to identify defect-related deep levels in the bandgap of MoS₂, WS₂ and their alloys.

Analyses of genetic variation and population structure based on over 3,000 cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) genomes reveal subpopulations that correlate with geographic location and patterns of introgression consistent with multiple rice domestication events.

Topological magnetic monopoles are non-local spin textures that are robust to thermal and quantum fluctuations, but they are difficult to study at the nanoscale in real space. Now, soft X-ray vector ptycho-tomography is demonstrated to determine the three-dimensional magnetization vector and emergent magnetic field of such magnetic monopoles in a ferromagnetic meta-lattice.

The use of biomarkers of ageing is crucial for investigating age-related processes. This Review discusses biomarkers of ageing and of ageing-associated physiological changes, at the cellular, tissue and organism levels in humans and non-human primates.

Atomic electron tomography captures crystal nucleation in four dimensions in FePt nanoparticles, with the observed early-stage nucleation not consistent with classical nucleation theory.

This review highlights transformative advancements in computational microscopy, encompassing coherent diffractive imaging and ptychography, which unify microscopy and crystallography to achieve unparalleled resolution, precision, and large fields of view, enabling diverse applications and driving breakthroughs across multidisciplinary sciences.

A new combination of established techniques is used to produce three-dimensional (3D) images and a video of almost all the atoms in a platinum nanoparticle, revealing the 3D core structure of edge and screw dislocations and 3D twin boundaries in the nanoparticle at atomic resolution.

Electron tomography is used to create a 3D reconstruction of a tungsten needle that allows the positions of individual atoms to be localized with a precision of 19 picometres, without using averaging or assuming the sample crystallinity.

Millions of Chinese smallholder farmers were persuaded to adopt enhanced management practices, which led to a greater yield, reduced nitrogen fertilizer use and improved environmental performance throughout China.