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Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

Kozai, Fernandez-Martinez et al. use high-speed atomic force microscopy to study the permeability barrier of yeast nuclear pore complexes. They show that karyopherins remodel a central plug that shapes barrier dynamics and disorder within the pore.

Studies of the G-protein-coupled receptor NTSR1 show that the G protein selectivity of this receptor can be modified by small molecules, enabling the design of drugs that work by switching receptor subtype preference.

Non-syndromic orofacial cleft is a relatively common congenital anomaly. Many non-coding genetic variants are associated with this disorder but only a subset is functional. Here the authors use reporter assays and stem cells to reveal members of this subset.

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of people displaced by climate-related damage to the physical and social environment. These migrants are more exposed to climate-related environmental damage than others and more vulnerable to its social and health impacts because they possess fewer resources for mitigation and adaptation. Emerging artificial intelligence (AI) tools and approaches may help improve understanding of climate migration and immobility and support more timely, equitable interventions to reduce avoidable harm before, during, and after displacement. While AI systems have already been applied to climate modeling, disaster forecasting, and public health surveillance, their adaptation to the context of climate-induced displacement remains under-studied and unevenly implemented. Specific AI applications can address the lived realities and systemic vulnerabilities of climate migrants, such as anticipatory relocation, equitable health service provision, and sustainable infrastructure in host regions. However, we must first address certain issues such as the risk of fostering greater inequality through inherent biases in training data; developing public-private-academic collaboratives to collect and integrate high-resolution, localized and open-access datasets tailored to address disparities; prioritizing energy-efficient algorithms and hardware and balancing performance with environmental sustainability; and developing responsible models of AI governance that capture co-design and co-ownership of the design process with climate migration stakeholders including vulnerable and affected communities. We therefore call for empirical research to document the effectiveness of current and proposed initiatives to apply AI in supporting climate migration equity and overcoming methodological and operational limitations and implementation risks. By aligning technological innovation with human-centric values and global justice, AI may contribute to shifting climate mobility policy from crisis response toward resilience-building, if paired with rights-based governance and accountable implementation. While most applications remain pilot-based, context-specific, and unevenly evaluated, this article advances a structured framework to guide future empirical research and governance.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

Free-electron lasers are capable of high repetition rates and it is assumed that protein crystals often do not survive the first X-ray pulse. Here the authors address these issues with a demonstration of multi-hit serial crystallography in which multiple FEL pulses interact with the sample without destroying it.

The new European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) is the first XFEL that generates X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing. Here the authors demonstrate that high-quality and damage-free protein structures can be obtained with the currently available 1.1 MHz repetition rate pulses using lysozyme as a test case and furthermore present a β-lactamase structure.

Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS  experiment at CERN probes its kinematic properties with a significantly larger dataset from 2015–2018 and provides further insights on its interaction with other known particles.

The role of ciliary/centriolar components in the postnatal brain is unclear. Here, the authors show via ablation of Pcm1 in mice that degenerative ciliary/centriolar phenotypes induce neuroanatomical and behavioral changes. Sequencing of PCM1 in human cohorts and zebrafish in vivo complementation suggests PCM1 mutations can contribute to schizophrenia.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider reports a search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in decays of Z bosons into a τ lepton and an electron or muon of opposite charge.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

The measurement of the total cross-section of proton–proton collisions is of fundamental importance for particle physics. Here, the first measurement of the inelastic cross-section is presented for proton–proton collisions at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

The domain-wall structure and dynamics are found to enhance, rather than inhibit, the high-frequency performance of an intrinsically tunable material, obtaining ultralow loss and exceptional frequency selectivity.

This Perspective reviews tools developed over the past five years in the macromolecular modeling, docking and design software Rosetta.

Diffractive imaging of single-particle nanoscale systems has so far been hindered by low hit probabilities and repetition rates. Here, single-particle imaging of nanospheres and viruses at megahertz repetition rates is demonstrated at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) for the first time.