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Changhua County, Taiwan launched a hepatitis C elimination initiative which integrates population-based screening and targeted strategies for high-risk groups. Here, the authors evaluate its impacts on hepatitis C virus cascade care and treatment outcomes and compare to a counterfactual scenario without the program.

VABAM decouples waveform shape and amplitude in physiological signals via cascaded filtering, enabling controlled generation. It improves synthesis quality and interpretability, supporting targeted augmentation and more reliable clinical analysis.

The authors present bioinspired solid-state proton diode membranes that achieve rectified proton transport by constructing an inherent water-content gradient and asymmetric transport pathways, enables efficient force-electric conversion.

This study demonstrates a breakthrough in all-optical Kerr switches by a silicon-organic hybrid slot nanobeam cavity. It achieves 63 fJ/bit switching energy with 7.5 mW peak power, enabling error-free switching of high-duty-cycle signals.

Realising the potential of DNA nanomaterials for biomedical applications requires efficient manufacturing approaches. Here the authors develop a scalable bacteriophage-based method to directly produce stable, reproducible DNA nanoassemblies with minimal purification, enabling low-cost production.

Artificial intelligence is increasingly used in medical imaging, but its realworld clinical value for report generation is unclear. Here, the authors show that AI assistance in chest X-ray interpretation reduced reading time while maintaining diagnostic accuracy and agreement in a prospective study.

Precise transcription-repair coordination is required for efficient DSB repair. Here, the authors show that DNA-PK-mediated CRTC2 Ser433 phosphorylation, relocates DNA-PK from transcription to repair complexes and promote NHEJ. Inhibition of CRTC2 sensitizes liver cancer to radioimmunotherapy.

The authors propose a 3D holographic method that generates physically consistent complex-valued light fields from multi-layer RGB-D data, achieving photorealistic defocus effects in scenes with transparency and reflection.

Dysregulated CD59 drives uncontrolled complement activation in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Here, the authors show in a mouse NMOSD model that endothelial SPARC suppresses astrocytic CD59 by blocking the VEGFA/VEGFR2 axis, promoting astrocytopathy, that might offer a potential therapeutic strategy.

This work develops a 3D-printed aluminium alloy with an Al₃Er nanoscale skeleton that deforms rather than breaks, achieving 700 MPa strength and 7% elongation, the mechanisms of which enable stronger lightweight structural metals.

This study achieves ultrafast all-electrical perpendicular magnetization switching with a pulse width of 16 ps and an energy consumption of 41 fJ/bit in a CoTb/Ti/CoFeB/MgO heterostructure, enabled by combining the in-plane and out-of-plane spin current.

The trigger for magnetic reconnection in the Venusian magnetotail remains unclear. Here, the authors show that interplanetary shocks can effectively compress draped magnetic fields, driving magnetic reconnection at unmagnetized planets.

Hypoxia-driven dysregulated lactate metabolism is a feature of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), but biological metabzymes and most biomimetic counterparts are ineffective under hypoxic conditions and often yield harmful metabolites. Here, the authors report a biogenic Fe-N-C artificial metabzyme for IDD metabolic therapy that reprograms lactate metabolism and corrects metabolic dysfunction.

Tang et al. demonstrate that disease progression in Duchenne muscular dystrophy is driven not only by dystrophin deficiency but also by ANXA11-mediated failure of regenerative myofiber maturation. Targeting ANXA11 improves muscle regeneration and function in mdx mice.

In this work, the luminescence performance of oxide phosphors was significantly improved and tuned through a vitrification followed by crystallization protocol. This enabled the fabrication of a high-power solid-state lighting device.

Reversible-deactivation radical polymerisations are highly sensitive to oxygen and inhibitors, hindering their industrial application. Here, the authors report a heterogeneous phenanthroline-based conjugated hypercrosslinked polymer photocatalyst for photoinduced copper-catalysed atom transfer radical polymerisations, achieving high oxygen and inhibitor tolerance.

Resistance to targeted therapies in cancer can be induced by metabolic rewiring. Here, the authors show that upregulation of the glucose transporter GLUT6 drives targeted-therapy resistance by diverting glucose metabolism to activate the anti-oxidative stress NRF2 pathway in lung cancer.

This study found that severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome increased in Anhui, China in 2019–2023 and was highest in central and southern areas. Farmers and older adults were most affected, peaking in spring to early autumn.

Here, the authors show that the chloride channel CFTR keeps osteocytes alive and limits bone loss, revealing a new mechanism for maintaining long-lived bone cells and suggesting a potential strategy to protect bone health.

Skin lesions are common manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, the authors present a spatial transcriptomic atlas of lesional skin from patients with lupus and identify an acute inflammatory signature in SLE, contrasting with chronic damage in tertiary lymphoid structures in discoid lupus.

PANoptosis, a lytic cell death pathway, is promising for cancer immunotherapy, yet its therapeutic exploitation is underdeveloped. Here, the authors report a tumor-targeting nanozyme, Hemin-His-Mn, that concurrently activates retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)–mediated PANoptosome assembly and catalyzes reactive oxygen species amplification to achieve PANoptosis induction.

Polymer nanocomposites face a fundamental challenge in simultaneously enhancing strength and toughness, as current methods often compromise one for the other. Here the authors incorporate mechanically interlocked [2]rotaxane units into the interfacial layer of dynamically cross-linked polymer nanocomposites to enhance both strength and toughness.

Lei et al. demonstrate that a rhizobial effector NopZ is phosphorylated by a symbiotic receptor kinase, leading to its enrichment in the nuclear/perinuclear region and promoting soybean nodulation.

Co-deposited perovskite solar cells suffer from self-assemble monolayer (SAM) aggregation that weakens interfacial adhesion and limits performance. Zhuang et al. design an asymmetric SAM and a crosslinking additive to curb aggregation, enabling efficient, stable devices.

Whilst it is known that host ribosomal protein SA (RPSA) regulates the anti-infection immunity in immune cells, its role in neutrophil migration is yet to be explored. In this work, authors provide mechanistic insight into the impact of RPSA on promoting neutrophil migration via the regulation of olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4), in the context of sepsis.

Here the authors show that a sustainable biopesticide can be developed from chemicals produced by a wild cucumber variety. The farnesal nanoemulsion kills 75% of aphids in 24 h while posing minimal risk to the environment and beneficial insects.

Ketogenic diet (KD) generates β-hydroxybutyrate metabolites and has been shown to have context-dependent immunomodulatory effects. However, the effects of KD on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are controversial. Here, the authors investigate the pathogenic effects of KD in a preclinical model of DSS-induced colitis and identify a β-HB-Thomasclavelia spiroformis-γδ17 T cell axis that exacerbates inflammation and mucosal damage.

Natural variation in the promoter of OsTPS8 contributes to differences in grain chalkiness and seed vigor between indica and japonica rice subspecies by altering trehalose-6-phosphate biosynthesis and α-amylase levels.

This study found COVID-19 vaccination offers added protection against reinfection in children and adolescents with prior infection but variable effectiveness across variants. Findings support vaccination benefits beyond infection-acquired immunity.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cellular diversity, yet existing models often lack regulatory awareness and scalability. Here, the authors develop RegFormer, a GRN-informed foundation model that improves single-cell analysis, genetic perturbation modelling, and drug response prediction.

Despite the global prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, its maternal–fetal interface during the first trimester remains underexplored. Here, the authors combined a cohort of 700+ samples and determine that maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first trimester rarely infects placental tissue but alters immune responses and cellular communication, which may influence pregnancy outcomes.

Poor storage stability and soil survival limits agricultural application of non-spore forming bacteria. Here, the authors develop a hydrogel microcapsule which improves storage and soil survival, demonstrating application in improving plant salt tolerance under field conditions.

Authors reveal symmetry-protected topological phonons and strong phonon interactions in the thermoelectric Mg₃Bi_2-xSb_x family, explaining its low thermal conductivity and offering a strategy to engineer heat flow in thermoelectric materials.

A macrolide resistant Bordetella pertussis lineage (MT28) carrying a high-virulence allele (ptxP3) has been reported as a predominant lineage in China. Here, the authors show that MT28 has enhanced colonization and inflammatory characteristics.

Anion-mixing strategy is gaining attention for the development of amorphous halide solid electrolytes. Here, authors investigate the structure evolution of nitrochloride amorphous solid electrolyte, Li_3x ZrCl₄ N_x (0.17 ≤ x ≤ 1), demonstrating ionic conductivities of up to 3.21 mS cm⁻¹ at 30 °C, suggesting that the formation of nitrogen-containing frameworks is crucial for enhancing ionic conductivity.

Flood risk in the glacierized upper Indus basin is projected to increase through 2100, largely associated with rainfall and meltwater, with cryosphere–hydrology modeling suggesting potential implications for the Tarbela Dam and downstream communities.

The efficacy and safety of albumin combined with endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke remain unclear. Here, the authors show in a randomized multicenter trial that albumin treatment reduces infarct volume growth compared with placebo without increasing safety risks.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate gene expression, but predicting RBP–RNA interactions across species is challenging. Here, the authors introduce MuSIC, a deep learning framework leveraging label smoothing and evolutionary conservation across 11 species to predict cross-species RBP–RNA interactions.

Pathological neovascularization is a leading cause of vision loss. In this study, the authors identify FRZB and its NTR domain as suppressors of ocular angiogenesis. FRZB prevents CAV1 phosphorylation at Tyr42 which enhances downstream TGFβ signaling via ALK5 retention.

Maternal obesity is known to cause systemic lipid dysregulation, yet its effect on lipid reprogramming during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) remains unknown. Here, they show that obesity disrupts very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) storage in oocytes, impairing peroxisomal protein import in 2-cell embryos.

The study reports on a peritectic engineering strategy to achieve enhanced electrical performance in InSb thermoelectrics. This material platform enables smart prosthetics with machine learning-assisted tactile sensing and messaging capabilities.

Researchers have found that extreme hot-wet weather in 2024 triggered a spike in ecosystem respiration, mainly in tropical non-forests, significantly reducing the year’s land carbon sink and pushing the atmospheric CO2 growth rate to a record high.

Susceptibility of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection, is linked with HLA gene region with mechanisms unclear. The authors here show that the high-risk EBV subtype BALF2 upregulates HLA-DP, leading to CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion, and combined anti-LAG-3 and anti-PD-1 therapy improves anti-cancer efficacy.