Exercise boosts bone mass, with HIIT more effective than LICT. HIIT-derived lactate activates Gpr81: it promotes osteoblast differentiation via Gpr81-Wnt/β-catenin and inhibits osteoclast via Gpr81-TAK1-p65, rescuing OVX-induced bone loss, offering Gpr81 as a potential osteoporosis target.
- Yilan Guo
- Liang He
- Peng Sun