It is generally accepted that non-equilibrium conditions would have been necessary for the formation of primitive metabolic structures, but the focus has mostly been on externally imposed non-equilibrium conditions. Here, the authors show that catalytically active particles like enzymes participating in a metabolic cycle can spontaneously self-organize into dynamically structured condensates composed of active mixtures, by employing non-reciprocal interactions.
- Vincent Ouazan-Reboul
- Jaime Agudo-Canalejo
- Ramin Golestanian
